A Comparison of Tree Diseases in St' Edward

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A Comparison of Tree Diseases in St. Edward
Schmitz Parks

• Windy Madden Victoria Poling
• ESC 432 Forest Pathology
• Autumn 2003

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Why St. Edward Schmitz?

• Expected different diseases
• Different aged stands
• Schmitz ravine never logged has some very old
  trees

St. Eds
Schmidts
3
Similarities

• Both areas are highly impacted by the suburban
  setting
• Logging occurred in both areas until the 1920s

4
Methods

• 3 plots in each park
• Select a variety of patches
• Record tree sp., alive or dead
• Measure DBH, D of CWD if possible
• Record frequency of signs and symptoms

1.65m DBH Cedar !
D-tape
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St. Edward State Park

• late 1920s archbishop of Seattle donated
  property for use as a seminary
• 1977 316 acres sold to the state for use as a
  state park
• 1978 Park dedication

WA State Parks, www.wa.parks.gov
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St. Edward State Park
Site 1 Hardwoods Site 2 Douglas fir Site 3
Cedar and Western hemlock
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Schmitz Park Preserve

• Donated to City of Seattle in 1908 by Ferdinand
  Emma Schmitz
• at all times retained and used for park and
  parkway purposes, and serve as a monument to the
  forests the pioneers found when they came to
  Seattle
• 1949 preservation policy only foot trails in
  park, leave fallen trees on site
• 1969 CFR student Neil Johannsen writes
  Interpretive Master plan for the preserve

Friends of Schmitz Park, www.schmitzpark.org
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Schmitz Park Canopy Types
Site 2 Western hemlock
Site 1 mixed conifers hardwoods
Site 3 hardwoods
Friends of Schmitz Park, www.schmitzpark.org
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Schmitz Park
Site 2 Western hemlock Site 3 hardwoods Site
1 mixed conifers hardwoods
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Tree Species Variation
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Diameter Class Frequency
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Total Alive Dead Trees
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St. Ed disease/decay

• Fusicoccum
• Burned appearance
• On Pacific Madrone branch
• Coriolus versicolor
• Different colored, alternating glabrous and
  pubescent concentric zones
• Hosts many different hardwoods

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St. Ed Decay organisms

• Stereum sanguinolentum
• On dead conifer wood
• Red staining

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St. Ed Decay organisms

• Unknown decay fungus
• Couldnt reach the conks
• On Douglas fir
• Grey top and hymenium

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St. Ed Decay organisms

• Fomitopsis pinicola
• Rounded margin, lighter than upper surface,
  reddish

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St. Ed Laminated Root Rot

• Phellinus weirii
• Pitted decay on both sides of wood
• Red setal hyphae
• No basal resinosus
• Root ball missing small feeder roots

Pitted decay with red setal hyphae Three Doug
fir logs with LLR
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St. Ed Decay organisms

• Hypholoma capnoides
• Lots of little yellow mushrooms in characteristic
  clusters
• Frequent on recently downed logs

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St. Ed Decay organisms

• Ganoderma oregonense
• Varnish Conk
• Shiny, laquer-like top
• White spongy rot
• Mainly saprophytic
• Enters through wounds
• Hosts most common on dead or damaged hemlocks
  and true firs

Ganoderma Trunk Rot. Southwest Oregon Forest
Insect and Disease Service Center.
http//www.fs.fed.us/r6/rogue/swofidsc/stemdecay/g
anoderma.html
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St. Ed Decay organisms

• Could be a Hydenellum sp.
• Didnt check for teeth/gills
• On laminated root rot infected Douglas fir log

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St. Ed Other disease

• Resinosus in Douglas fir
• Maybe Armillaria root disease
• Diaporthe lokoyae
• (Phomopsis canker of Douglas fir)
• Cankers on young Western hemlock
• Around branch stubs
• No perithecia present

Canadian Forest Service. Common Tree Diseases of
B.C.
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Schmitz Park Dwarf Mistletoe

• Arceuthobium tsugense
• Causing brooms and galls in Western hemlock
• Branch breakage

Brooms Galls
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Schmitz Decay

• Phellinus weirii
• on Western hemlock
• Pitted decay on both sides of wood
• Red setal hyphae
• Cryptoporus volvatus
• Grey sap rot, superficial rot, esp. on fire
  killed Douglas fir
• Found on Doug fir log

Allen et al. (1996)
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Schmitz Other disease

• Symptom Resinosus in Western hemlock
• Severe, extending up 20 ft. on older hemlock
• With cankers on young hemlock
• Young hemlock
• Cankers may be caused by Diaporthe lokoyae
• Older hemlock
• Resinosus may be caused by Rhizina root disease
  (Tea break fungus)
• We dont know

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Schmitz Decay organisms

• Fomitopsis pinicola
• Red top, with white rounded margin
• On Douglas fir
• Hypholoma capnoides
• Small yellow mushrooms
• Found on cedar log

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Summary Diseases
LLR laminated root rot DM dwarf mistletoe
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Site comparison

• Similarities
• Patches of hardwoods and conifers, sometimes
  mixed
• Decay fungi present Fomitopsis pinicola,
  Phellinus weirii, Hypholoma capnoides
• Invasive species English Ivy

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Site Comparison

• Differences
• St. Edward
• Extensive damage to Doug fir from Laminated root
  rot
• Pacific yew, Western hemlock, Western red cedar,
  Bigleaf maple establishing in gaps
• Schmitz
• Evidence of fire on large cedar and Doug fir
• Gaps may have been created by Laminated root rot
  (was present) stand is also just old
• Western hemlock with lots of dwarf mistletoe

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Conclusion

• There were differences in diseases present due to
  different stand age
• There were also similarities because of urban
  influence and presence of same host species