Ancient Egypt

1
Unit 1.4

• Ancient Egypt
• Objective What were the key strengths of ancient
  Egyptian civilization that allowed it to last for
  3,000 year?

2
Map of Egypt
3
Egypt The Gift of the Nile

• 4,160 miles longest river in the world
• Predictable floods provide crops with water and
  black silt deposits
• Flows north out the delta into the Mediterranean
  Sea

4
The Nile River

• People settled and established farming villages
  along the Nile.
• Egyptians had to cooperate to control the Nile,
  building dikes, reservoirs, and irrigation
  ditches.

Irrigation System provides water for Cairo
5
Menes The First Pharaoh

• Until 3100 B.C. the lands of Egypt were divided
  into two kingdoms Upper and Lower Egypt.

6
Menes The First Pharaoh

• He built a large palace and the people called him
  Pharaoh, which means "great  palace.
• From then on Egypt's rulers were called
  pharaohs, his was the first dynasty.

7
Mummification

• Mummify to preserve a sound body for the Ka to
  return to
• 70 day process
• Improper embalming leads to second true death

8
Three Kingdoms ofAncient Egypt
OLD KINGDOM

• Pharaohs organized a strong central state, were
  absolute rulers, and were considered gods.
• Egyptians built the first pyramids at Giza.
• Power struggles, crop failures, and cost of
  pyramids contributed to the collapse of the Old
  Kingdom.

9
Three Kingdoms ofAncient Egypt
MIDDLE KINGDOM

• Large drainage project created arable farmland.
• Traders had contacts with Middle East and Crete.
• Corruption and rebellions were common.
• Hyksos invaded and occupied the delta region.

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Three Kingdoms ofAncient Egypt
NEW KINGDOM

• The pharaohs of this era are some of best
  remembered for their expansion of the empire,
  incredible buildings and political decisions.
• The empire will expand to its greatest size
  during this era.
• Some of the great pharaohs from this era are
  Hatshepsut, Thutmose III, Amenhotep IV/ Akhenaton
  and Rames II