THE RENAISSANCE

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THE RENAISSANCE

• 1485-1660
• Part I

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The Renaissance in Europe

• Florence, Italy
• established itself as a focal point of
  intellectual trends and artistic accomplishments

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The Renaissance in Europe

• Florence

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The Renaissance in Europe

• Florence

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Humanism
Humanismintellectual movement that greatly
influenced Renaissance thinkers, writers, artists
The humanists

• revived old Greek and Latin classics

• studied the Bible and the classics to explore
  questions such as What is a good life?

• made history, literature, and philosophy popular
  again

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The Renaissance in Europe

• Lorenzo de Medici
• 1449-1492
• Most famous ruler of Florence
• Under his leadership, the goals of Renaissance
  Humanism were pursued with unrivaled intensity

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The Renaissance in EuropeVisual Arts Flourished

• Leonardo da Vinci
• 1452-1519

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The Renaissance in EuropeVisual Arts Flourished

• Leonardo da Vinci
• The Last Supper

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The Renaissance in EuropeVisual Arts Flourished

• Leonardo da Vinci
• Madonna and Child

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The Renaissance in EuropeVisual Arts Flourished

• Leonardo da Vinci
• Mona Lisa

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The Renaissance in EuropeVisual Arts Flourished

• Michelangelo
• 1475-1564

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The Renaissance in EuropeVisual Arts Flourished

• Michelangelo
• Creation of Adam

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The Renaissance in EuropeVisual Arts Flourished

• Michelangelo
• David

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The Renaissance in EuropeVisual Arts Flourished

• Michelangelo
• Interior of the Sistine Chapel

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The Renaissance in Europe

• Extended in England past the middle of the
  seventeenth century
• Renaissance means rebirth
• We can say that the Renaissance was the beginning
  of the modern world

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The Renaissance in England

• King Henry VII
• 1485-1509
• Established the Tudor dynasty
• Ruled for more than a century
• Provided stability and confidence necessary for
  sustained artistic achievement

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The Renaissance in England

• Henry VIII
• 1509-1547
• Saw himself as mainly a powerful political leader
• Wanted to be thought of as an enlightened
  Renaissance prince

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The Renaissance in England

• Sir Thomas More
• 1478-1535
• Under Henry VIIIs rule, More became the center
  of the English Humanists
• Mores Utopia (1516) may be thought of as the
  first literary masterpiece of the English
  Renaissance.

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Protestant Reformation

• Beginning of 16th Century Protest against
  corruption in church
• England aligned itself with the Protestant revolt
  against the Pope and Rome
• No religious motive
• Rather, personal and political motives

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Protestant Reformation

• Henry VIII requested a divorce from his first
  wife, Catherine of Aragon, because she did not
  produce a male heir to the throne
• The Pope refused this request
• Henry VIII defied the Pope, remarried, and
  declared himself Supreme Head of the Church in
  England (also known as the Anglican Church)

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Protestant Reformation

• Consequences of Englands break with Rome and
  Catholicism
• England came to have a new and more independent
  national identity
• Sir Thomas More was imprisoned and executed when
  he opposed Henrys divorce and refused to swear
  oaths of allegiance to him as Supreme Head of the
  English church

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Succession of the Throne

• Edward VI
• Henry VIII died in 1547
• throne passed to his nine-year-old son, Edward VI
• guided in all government affairs by a council of
  senior officials
• died prematurely in 1553

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Succession of the Throne

• Mary
• Edwards older sister
• Queen from 1553-1558

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Succession of the Throne

• Queen Mary (continued)
• offspring of Henry VIIIs marriage to Catherine
  of Aragon
• Mary was half Spanish and a devout Catholic
• Married Philip II of Spain
• Instituted a reign of terror against English
  Protestants in an attempt to return England to
  Catholic authority
• Called Bloody Mary