ISBUC Proposal: Status and Alternatives

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ISBUC Proposal Status and Alternatives
Manoel Regis Lima Verde Leal CENEA-Ceará NIPE/UNIC
AMP
III ISBUC Meeting Mauritius, June 29-July 3, 2009
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(No Transcript)
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ISBUC Objectives

• To promote research to convert sugarcane biomass
  into value-added products
• To establish collaboration among research
  providers
• To use the input of sugar companies and other
  stakeholders to direct research priority for
  maximum benefit.

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ISBUC Meetings

• Preliminary Planning Meeting South Africa (July
  2006)
• Regular Meetings
• Maceió, Brazil (November 2006)
• Durban, South Africa (August 2007)
• Products
• Two proposals for project development
• Vinasse life cycle analysis and cost
  assessment of different methods for its disposal
• BIG/GT Design, construction and evaluation
  of a sugarcane biomass gasification pilot plant
  with 3 MW

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BIG/GT Proposal(1)

• Objective
• To design, construct and extensively test a
  3 MWe BIG/GT bagasse/trash fueled power plant in
  a sugar mill for the evaluation and improvement
  of the technological drawbacks of this technology
  at industrial scale.
• Specific Objectives
• .To evaluate a fluidized bed industrial
  gasifier (mainly feeding system, efficiency and
  gas cleaning).
• .To evaluate the operation of a gas turbine
  adapted to low calorific value gas use.
• .To establish the BIG/GT system real
  operating achievable efficiency and the potential
  for improvement.
• .To identify, evaluate and solve the main
  operational problems of the system.
• .To calculate the BIG-GT system economic
  indicators and perform technical-economic
  analysis.

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BIG/GT Proposal (2)

• Justification
• The necessity of a first industrial pilot scale
  test facility to progress toward commercial
  implementation of this technology.
• The high cost of the first industrial prototype
  makes international funding and collaboration
  necessary.
• High efficiency electricity generation is
  extremely important in the actual context of a
  diversified food and energy producing sugarcane
  industry,
• Among ISBUC members there are research
  institutions and groups with expertise in bagasse
  gasification and BIG/GT system modeling.

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Feedback to ProposalVinasse

• Apparently no interest
• It is only important to large scale ethanol
  producers

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Feedback to ProposalsBIG/GT

• Why BIG/GT? Hydrolysis, two stage gasification,
  other.
• Why electricity and not biofuels and other
  products?
• Why 3 MW? See the GTs available for low BTU gas
  and decide.
• Some important points need clarification and
  justification why is BIG/GT needed? Why was it
  chosen? Will it be attractive to mill owners?
  Business case Project Plan high fiber cane
  Capital and operating costs Revenues Economic
  analysis What happened to other demo plants?
• Two stage project Feasibility study and
  development of detailed design and cost estimates.

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Questions to Be Answered

• Are 2nd G technologies really better than 1st G
• What are the alternatives?
• Which is closest to commercial stage?
• What is the economy of scale?
• Why a demo plant?
• What size and where?
• What funds will be needed to make it profitable?
• Where to go for funding?
• Investment, operating costs and revenues?
• What is the expected learning curve?
• Energy cane, what should it look like?
• Sugarcane trash availability, quality and cost?

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New Topics For Consideration

• The future of sugarcane industry
• How much can we get from sugarcane
• Final products
• The cane of the future
• Maximum use of sugarcane biomass

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Sugarcane Today

• Feedstock for food industry
• Breeding aiming at increase in sucrose/ha
• Fiber bagasse used inefficiently and trash is
  wasted
• Very few countries have focus on energy as an
  important product
• Brazil ethanol
• Mauritius electricity

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BRAZILIAN AVERAGE DISTILLERY(2005)

• Factory conditions
• . Steam conditions 22
  bar/300 ºC
• . Process steam consumption 500
  kg/tc (330 kWh/tc)
• . Mechanical energy consumptions 16
  kWh/tc
• . Electricity consumption 12 kWh/tc
• . Plant overall efficiency
  84
• . Surplus power generations
  0
• . Surplus bagasse
  8
• Sugar cane characteristics (Macedo, 2004)
• . Pol cane
  14.5
• . Fibrecane
  13.5
• . Reducing sugarscane
  0.56
• . Cane productivity
  68.7 t/ha/yr (82.4 t/ha harv.)
• TRS158 kg/tc resulting in 86 l
  ethanol/tc

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Primary Energy of Sugarcane (2005)

• Component Energy (MJ)
• 150 kg of sugars 2,500
• 135 kg of stalk fibres 2,400
• 140 kg of leaf fibres 2,500
• Total
  7,400
• 68.4 tc/ha/yr 510
  GJ/ha/yr
• 
  (12.1 toe)

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Energy Recovery (2005)

• 1 tonne of clean stalks
• Products Energy (MJ)
• 86 L ethanol 2,000
• 80 kWh 290
• Total 2,290
• Recovery efficiency 30.9

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Driving Forces For ISBUC

• The potential to increase energy recovery
• The potential to increase revenues
• The future of sugarcane industry the energy
  concept
• The importance of reducing GHG emissions

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Sugarcane Evolution in Brazil

• Conventional breeding
• 1975 2000 33 yield and 8Pol
• 2000 - 2020 same annual improvement
• Conventional distillery
• Steam conditions (bar/0C) 22/300 to 85/520
• Process steam (kg/tc) 500 to lt340
• Process efficiency () 84 to 90

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The Future

• Possible deviations from BAU scenario
• GM sugarcane
• Maximum use of sugarcane biomass
• Second generation biofuels from fiber
• Energy cane.

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Objectives of the III ISBUC Meeting

• To decide the future steps
• Which technology to pursue
• The concept of the joint effort proposal
• Objective
• Structure
• Responsible group
• Time schedule
• What to take to XXVII ISSCT Congress.

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Final Comments (1)

• Sugarcane is a food feedstock but it is the best
  biofuel feedstock
• Sugarcane to energy cane transition
• -Phase 1 adapt present technology and cane
• varieties to maximize energy products
• -Phase 2 breed cane for energy and combine
• first and second generation technologies for
• maximum energy recovery and minimum cost

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Final Comments (2)

• Long term view two routes
• -Food industry with energy co-products
  conventional sugarcane breeding and processing
• -Energy industry energy cane with integrated
  first and second generation technologies trash
  and gasification will be key players

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Final Comments (3)

• KEY ISSUES
• Green cane harvesting with trash recovery
• Energy cane breeding
• Energy cane harvesting
• Energy cane processing new paradigm
• Plant scale and year round operation

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THANK YOU !
Dr. Manoel Regis Lima Verde Leal CENEACentro de
Energias Alternativas e Meio Ambiente NIPE/UNICAMP
E-mail regislv_at_energiabr.org.br