Genetics quiz

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Class Topics
Title General Science 5/6/08
Objectives

• To learn about genetics

• Genetics quiz
• Conduct lab activity
• DNA Notes
• "What is a weed? A plant whose virtues have not
  been discovered." Ralph Waldo Emerson, 1878

Thursday, November 05, 2009 109 PM
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Class Assignments
By When
What

• Genetics Practice Problems 5/6/08
• Mendels genetics quiz 5/6/08
• Read 287-299 5/7/08
• Due this class period
• Due next class period
• Due in the future

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Genetics Quiz

• Hand in quiz
• Work on lab drawing
• Read 287-299

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Complete the lab
From http//www.geocities.com/TheTropics/Resort/4
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DNA

• Deoxyribonucleic acid
• What is its function?
• Function stores genetic information
• Regulate the production of proteins

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Structure

• Repeating subunits nucleotides
• Long strands of nucleotides
• double
• Nucleotides
• Deoxyribose sugar
• Phosphate group
• Nitrogen base
• Sugar and phosphate group are identical in all
  nucleotides

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Bases

• Adenine A
• Guanine G
• Cytosine C
• Thymine T

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Nucleotide base pairing

• Complementary pairing
• Adenine bonds with thymine
• 2 Hydrogen bonds
• Cytosine bonds with guanine
• 3 Hydrogen bonds

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Review

• Structure and sequence of DNA
• Complementary bases to
• A T G C C G A T
• T C G G A A T

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Watson and Crick

• James Watson (American) and Francis Crick
  (British) discovered the shape and organization
  of DNA
• Double helix
• two strands
• sugar/phosphate backbone
• nitrogenous bases in middle
• Won Nobel Prize for DNA model
• with Maurice Wilkins

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DNA Replication

• Process of copying DNA
• Nucleotide chains separate by unwinding
• Replication fork is where the chains separate
• DNA polymerases bind to chains, adds nucleotides
  to DNA strand

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Replication (PBS)

• Occurs during S phase of cell cycle
• DNA polymerase bonds nucleotides to exposed
  nitrogen bases
• adenine to thymine guanine to cytosine
• bonds formed between nitrogen bases
• Proofreading
• go back and check for errors
• 1 error per 1 billion nucleotides

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Replication (DNAi)