Galaxies and Jets

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Galaxies and Jets The Progeny of Astronomical
Imaging
Ross Collins
Department of Physics and Astronomy
University of Southampton
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Charles Messier (1730-1817)
1774 Catalogue 100 objects
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Sir William Herschel (1738-1822)
Milky Way Postulated about Nebula
1781 Catalogue 1000 objects
18 Reflector
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Earl of Rosse (1800-1867) and the his 72
Leviathan
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Edwin Hubble (1889-1953)
100 Mnt Wilson Observatory
1923 Spiral nebulae are external galaxies
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Hubbles Galaxies
Elliptical Galaxy M87
Spiral Galaxy M74
Barred Spiral Galaxy NGC 1365
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The Hubble Space Telescope
2 m telescope
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False Colour in Astronomical Images and the EM
Spectrum
Radio Microwave
Visible
Infra-red
Ultra-Violet
X-rays g-rays
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Spiral Galaxy NGC 1232 VLT/ESO 8m scope
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M33 Triangulum Galaxy
Local Galaxy KPNO
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NGC 5128 (Centaurus A)
Radio
Visible European Southern Observatory
Radio Microwave
Visible
Infra-red
Ultra-Violet
X-rays g-rays
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Infrared from ISO in red Optical in white Radio
in contours
X-ray (in red) from Chandra Satellite (Optical in
white)
Radio Microwave
Visible
Infra-red
Ultra-Violet
X-rays g-rays
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The Latest Image from the Heart of Centaurus A
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The Cartwheel Galaxy Mystery
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Merging Galaxies
Polar Ring Galaxy NGC 4650
Antennae Galaxy NGC 4038
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The Latest HST Image
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Advanced Camera for Surveys in detail
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NGC 3079 A Starburst Galaxy
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Astrophysical Jets
curious straight ray connected with the
nucleus of the prominent elliptical galaxy M87
in the Virgo Cluster
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Quasars
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Active Galactic Nuclei
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Microquasars
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Jet Formation
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• Relativistic Jets from Black Holes are
• Very long
• Very narrow
• Very fast
• Very energetic emit light from Radio Waves to
  X-Rays

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Superluminal Jets
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Einsteins Special Theory of Relativity
From an observation The speed of light is
independent of the speed of the observer or
emitter

• Einstein predicts
• Moving clocks run more slowly than non-moving
  clocks
• Actual lengths become shorter when measured by a
  moving object
• And the mass of an object increases as it
  approaches the speed of light
• ultimately becoming infinite before light speed
  can be achieved

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Doppler Boosting
0 mph
40 mph
150 mph
v c
v c
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Starship Traveller
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Jets Bow Shocks and Missing Twins
Young Star HH34
Quasar 3C175
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The Ubiquity of Jets
Distant Galaxies and Quasars
Young Stars
and even Supernovae Gamma-Ray Bursts
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Supernovae Jets
The Crab Nebula M1 VLT
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Interesting Web Pages
Hubble Site
http//oposite.stsci.edu
... hubble space telescope pictures
Messier Objects
http//www.seds.org/messier/
... history and pictures of all of the objects in
Messier's catalogue plus a few more
Astronomy Picture of the Day
http//antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/astropix.html
... a good place to look for a wide variety of
astronomical pictures together with brief
explainations
My web page http//www.astro.soton.ac.uk/rsc