PC 102 A Operating Systems

1
PC 102A Operating Systems

• Methodology Revisited

2
MOTD
Work from the top down
3

• What are the 3 components of any project plan
  that were discussed in class?
• 1.
• 2.
• 3.

4

• What are the 3 components of any project plan
  that were discussed in class?
• Scope
• Resources
• Schedule

5

• Name the 5 functional management areas that are
  part of the NOS/DOS operating systems we have
  discussed in class?
• 1.
• 2.
• 3.
• 4.
• 5.

6

• Name the 5 functional management areas that are
  part of the NOS/DOS operating systems we have
  discussed in class?
• Configuration
• Performance
• Fault
• Security
• Auditing

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• People
• Process
• Property

Security (Authentication/Authorization/Auditing)
Performance Fault Configuration
8

• Write an inventory list of at least 8 hardware
  components that are part of a generic motherboard
  as discussed in class.
• 1.
• 2.
• 3.
• 4.
• 5.
• 6.
• 7.
• 8.

9

• Write an inventory list of at least 9 hardware
  components that are part of a generic motherboard
  as discussed in class.
• Processor (socket or slot)
• (system bus)
• Memory Module(s)
• (expansion bus)
• EIDE controllers
• FDD controller
• ISA/PCI expansion slots
• ROM Bios
• CMOS Setup (chip)
• Battery
• AGP port
• I/O Ports
• Jumpers

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Object/Entity Relationships
Functional
Physical / Logical

• Input/Output
• Processor
• Storage

Primary Secondary Component Configuration
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Methodology

• Use Scenarios (Cases)
• People (Actors) / Needs (Required/Optional)
• Scope, Resources, Schedule
• Block Diagrams Reference Models
• System Architecture / Inventory
• Installation / Process Flows
• Linear / Layered
• Data Flow Diagramming
• PseudoEnglish scripting/programming

12

• Name the 7 functional components of a Windows 95
  operating system. Use the diagram that was
  discussed in class and included in your class
  handout.
• 1.
• 2.
• 3.
• 4.
• 5.
• 6.
• 7.

13

• Name the 7 functional components of a Windows 95
  operating system. Use the diagram that was
  discussed in class and included in your class
  handout.
• Physical (substrate)
• VM (virtual memory manager)
• IFS (installable file system manager)
• Config (configuration manager)
• UI (user interface)
• Registry
• Application

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Windows 98 Architecture
User Interface - 32 bit shell
Windows 98 Core
VMMngr
IFSMngr
ConfigMngr
WDM Driver Mngr
Device Drivers
Basic Input Output System
Hardware Substrate
15

• You have been provided with a bootup diskette.
  List the steps necessary to install MS DOS 6.22
  and make a hard drive bootable. These steps must
  be in the correct sequence and provide the proper
  command line syntax.
• 1.
• 2.
• 3.
• 4.
• 5.
• 6.
• 7.

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• You have been provided with a bootup diskette.
  List the steps necessary to install MS DOS 6.22
  and make a hard drive bootable. These steps must
  be in the correct sequence and provide the proper
  command line syntax.
• Boot from bootup diskette.
• Delpart existing partitions
• Fdisk
• Format c /s
• Remove bootup diskette
• Reboot
• At command prompt type VER

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NT4 Installation Sequence

• Power on and boot
• NTLDR in MBR seeks activated partition
• NTLDR runs NTDETECT
• NTLDR runs NTOSKRNL
• NTOSKRNL assumes control of bootup
• Specific system components are loaded
• System launches services
• Security Attention Sequence (SAS) is provided
• User logs onto running system to access services

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Virtual Memory Management in NT4
MS-DosVirtualMachine
MS-DosVirtualMachine
Ring 3
Ring 3
Ring 3
Win32
Win32
Win32
Kernel386, GDI, USER
Ring 0
Kernel32, GDI32, USER32
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Generic Microsoft NOS Architecture
Win32 Apps
User Mode
CSS
Kernel Mode
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A Block view of Windows 2K
User Mode Process Space
Win32
Win32
NTVDM
NTVDM
Win16
MS DOS app
WOW
Win16
Win32 SubsystemClient Services
Kernel Mode Process Space
Executive Services
I/O
VM
SM
OM
Video
OS Kernel
Hardware Abstraction Layer
Hardware Substrate
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HowTosFeature Comparisons

• Inventory operating system features
• Recognize functional, physical, logical areas
• Outline linear/layered installation flows
• Diagram functional management areas
• Recognize relationships between these object
  entities
• Compose scripts for unattended operations
• Automate specific processes to achieve specific
  objectives/goals
• Determine scope, tasks, resources, scheduling
  issues

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Contemporary OS Issues

• Win 2K
• HAL with PnP
• Multiprocessor (either x86 or Alpha
• Runs in protected mode
• Separate 16-bit memory
• Multi-threaded OS
• NTFS, FAT, or FAT32
• File and resource rights
• User-level security

• Win 9x
• PnP
• x86 support only
• Protected and real
• Shared 16-bit memory
• Single threaded
• FAT or FAT32
• No rights
• Limited password security

23
Comparing Business Issues

• Administration TCO / ROI
• Applications and System Software, Hardware
• Security AAA, confidentiality, integrity,
  non-repudiation
• User Management
• Support, Maintenance, Training
• Resource Management
• Support, Maintenance
• Scalability Expandability/Extensibility
• OS Interconnectivity/Interoperability

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What to ask your client / boss?

• Determine scope, tasks, resources, schedule

She tells you this
You identify these
She tells you this
When your behavior is goal directed, Every job
you do is a mini project!!!
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An OS Definition

• Depending on NOS/DOS -
• A linear list of goal-directed tasks
• or ToDos
• that tells hardware
• what to do

Who, Where, What, and When
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A Troubleshooting Punchlist

• Follow the logical flow
• System (at the bottom!)
• Application
• Data (at the top!)
• Follow the physical bus
• Power (at the bottom!)
• Data/address
• Control (at the top!)

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To Be Continued
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Legacy Single Domain Models
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Multiple Domain Models
Resource
Resource
Resource
Resource
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NT 4 Object Authentication
Logon
Logon Dialog Box CtrlAltDelete
Security Subsystem
User Mode
Kernel Mode
ACL
SAM
Access Token
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Generic Domain Relationships
Trusted Domain
User/Group Account
Trusting Domain
Token
Validation Request
ACL