Peeler, C3

1
Peeler, C3

• Establishing Democracy

2
Two Waves of Democratization

• First Wave 1920-1960s (Chile, Urugauay,
  Colombia, Venezuela)
• Elite consensus
• including pacts
• Contestation prior to participation (54)
• Strong political parties

3

• Other Countries during this era
• Populist authoritarianism and electoral
  manipulation (e.g., Vargas in Brazil or Perón in
  Argentina.
• Repression (e.g., overthrows of the Vargas and
  Perón)
• Revolution (e.g., Bolivia, Cuba and Nicaragua)

4
Two Waves of Democratization

• Second Wave1970s-2000s
• Peru, Ecuador, El Salvador, Honduras Guatemala
  reformers replace hard-liners and negotiated
  transitions
• DR, Uruguay, Brazil and Chileelectoral defeat
  led to transition
• Nicaragua, Argentina, Haiti, Panama regimes
  overtake by events/mistakes.

5
(No Transcript)
6
Influence on Transitions

• Pacts
• Hegemonic Influence
• Transitions sans pacts
• Role of negotiations (see 77-78)
• Nonelite actions
• Riots/rebellions
• Social Movements
• Political Mobilization
• Abstention