Hydrology

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Hydrology

• Question Field trip in labs on Veterans Day
  week?

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Table Mesa, NM
BUTTE

• Features
• Mesa/butte
• Hogback /cuesta
• Dike/neck
• Water gap?
• Strata
• Section

MESA
NECK
Ksh
HOGBACK
DIKE
WATER GAP
CUESTA
Ksh
NECK
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Fluvial Systems

• Flow Chart - Spaghetti diagram
• Independent and dependent variables

Knighton, 1984
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General Water Cycle
Hewlett (1982)
CONUS average annual precipitation 76 cm Water
Balance P Et Q S 76cm 53 cm 23cm 0
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The Water Cycle More Detail
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The Fate of Rainfall

• Partitioning
• Interception
• Depression storage
• Soil recharge
• Groundwater recharge
• Interflow
• Runoff
• Channel rain
• With time?
• Case Studies

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Runoff- generating Mechanisms
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(No Transcript)
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The Hydrograph

• Stream hydrograph
• Discharge with time
• Baseflow

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Runoff response The disposition of storm
rainfall and snowmelt input
Data WS02, HJA
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Hydrograph II

• Storm hydrograph
• Discharge above baseflow with time
• Lag flashy?
• Flood stage

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Hydrograph Dissection
Rainfall
Falling limb or recession
Rising Limb
Discharge
Antecedent flow rate
0
Time
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Effects of topography and geology
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Rain vs. Runoff

• Water year 1986
• 10/1/85-9/30/86
• Compared to normals
• Three prior decades
• Precipitation pattern
• Streamflow pattern?

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Leads Lags

• GW system typically lags and smoothes surface
  water system by a year or more

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Source USGS
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Case Study Yellowstone River at Livingston, MT
http//water.usgs.gov/waterwatch/

• Manually measured occasionally to define rating
  curve QVA
• Continuously monitored stage

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Yellowstone River II

• Synthesized for floods / droughts
• Summarized for risk / geomorphic work