SOL Quiz 14

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SOL Quiz 14

• Cultural Changes II 1800-1860

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1. Which person has been called the Father of the
American Industrial Revolution? a. John Rolfe b.
Eli Whitney c. Zebulon Pike d. Noah Webster
Eli Whitney's invention of the cotton gin and his
development of the technology of interchangeable
parts greatly stimulated American industry. He
is known as the Father of the American Industrial
Revolution.
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2. How did Ralph Waldo Emerson, Nathaniel
Hawthorne, Herman Melville, and Walt Whitman
contribute to American life between 1825 and
1855? a. They invented labor-saving
machinery. b. They developed new scientific
ideas. c. They were leaders in the field of
public health. d. They created a body of American
literature.
Emerson wrote "Nature" in 1836, Hawthorne wrote
"The Scarlet Letter" in 1850, Melville wrote
"Moby-Dick," or the "Whale" in 1851, and Whitman
(a poet) wrote "Leaves of Grass" in 1855. Their
philosophy, novels, and poetry created a body of
literature that expressed the American experience
and became popular worldwide.
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3. Who wrote and published the first dictionary
of American English? a. Oliver Wendell Holmes b.
Homer Winslow c. Herman Melville d. Noah Webster
His dictionary contained American expressions
instead of the British ones. For example, it
included "suspenders" instead of "braces" and
"elevators" instead of "lifts." Webster also
edited American theme readers (textbooks used to
teach reading) for school children.
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4. Which of the following was associated with
education reform during the early to
mid-1800s? a. Washington Irving b. Lucretia
Mott c. Horace Mann d. Sojourner Truth
As a reformer of public schools in Massachusetts,
Horace Mann persuaded the state legislature to
improve the state's public education system.
Under his leadership, Massachusetts built more
schools, improved teachers' pay, and opened three
teachers colleges to provide teacher training.
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5. Which activity of the 1800s was aimed at
reducing the consumption of liquor? a. abolition
movement b. temperance movement c. reform
schools d. urban development
The temperance movement attempted to restrain or
ban the consumption of liquor. Many Americans of
the 1800s (and later) opposed "demon rum" and
other alcoholic beverages. They blamed crime and
mental illness on its use. Some in the movement
also sought (particularly later) to outlaw the
manufacture of alcoholic beverages.
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6. Which person is known for helping the mentally
ill during the mid-1800s? a. Dorothea Dix b.
Frederick Douglass c. Lucretia Mott d. Benjamin
West
A Massachusetts schoolteacher was asked to read
to inmates at a local prison. While there, Dix
was shocked by the living conditions. She was
particularly upset at the practice of placing the
mentally ill in prisons with hardened criminals.
Dix informed the public of the cruel treatment
that the mentally ill endured even though they
had not committed any crimes.
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7. Which of the following MOST accurately
describes the similarity of "The Genius of
Universal Emancipation," "The Liberator," and
"Uncle Tom's Cabin"? a. They were all
anti-slavery novels. b. All three were
anti-slavery magazines. c. They all pointed out
the evils of slavery. d. All three were written
by Southerners.
All three illustrated the evils of slavery. In
1821 Benjamin Lundy published the first issue of
a weekly anti-slavery newspaper, "The Genius of
Universal Emancipation." In 1831 William Lloyd
Garrison, of Boston, Massachusetts, published the
first edition of his anti-slavery newspaper, "The
Liberator." Harriet Beecher Stowe wrote the
novels, "Uncle Tom's Cabin" and "Life Among the
Lowly" (2 vols.) in 1852.
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8. Which of the following was a well-known
abolitionist? a. Frederick Douglass b. Susan B.
Anthony c. Washington Irving d. Walt Whitman
Douglass had been born a slave and had taught
himself to read -- even though it was a crime for
slaves to become educated. In 1838 he escaped
from his owner in Maryland and fled to the North.
There he became well known as a speaker at
abolitionist meetings. His stories of the abuses
of slavery increased the determination of the
abolitionists to free all slaves.
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9. The Seneca Falls Convention was a high point
of the a. abolitionist movement b. nativist
movement c. literacy drive d. women's rights
movement
The women's rights movement of the 1800s reached
a high point with the Seneca Falls (New York)
Convention of 1848. The Convention demanded
equality for women at work, in school, and before
the law. Most of these goals were not reached
until the 20th century.