DSS, EIS, Expert systems, GSS, Knowledge Management

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DSS, EIS, Expert systems, GSS, Knowledge
Management KM Tools

• Chpt. 5, pp 173-176 180-182

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Decision Support Systems DSS

• Information systems that assist managers with
  unstructured decisions by retrieving data and
  generating information
• Possesses interactive capabilities
• Can answer ad-hoc inquires
• Provide data modeling facilities such as
  spreadsheets
• Supports non-recurring, relatively unstructured
  decision making

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Decision Support System

• Combines data, analytical tools(OLAP,
  datamining), and models to support decision
  making
• Use internal TPS MIS data, plus external data

Hyperion, SAS, i2, SAP, Oracle are vendors
Weather
Ship(speed, capacity)
Voyage Estimating DSS
DSS database
PC
Port Distance
Fuel Consum
DSS Software With models tools
Ship charter
Port expense
Laudon Laudon, p45
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Examples of DSS/EIS tools

• Simulation tools
• Data mining tools
• Linear Programming
• Technology application 5.1 p. 176 (TeamMate)

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Executive information system EIS

• Information systems often considered a subset of
  DSS, that combine information from the
  organization and the environment
• Organize and analyze the information
• In a form suitable for managers to make decisions

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Executive Support Systems (ESS, EIS)

• More comprehensive than EIS
• Used at strategic level to address unstructured
  problems
• Digital Dashboard one screen to provide overall
  status of company
• Drill down capability enables execs to get
  details of details.
• Critical success factors (CSFs) Key Performance
  Indicators(KPIs) are identified.
• Latest data or reports on the status of key
  indicators or other factors can be accessed
• Trend analysis can be done using forecasting
  models.
• Cause analysis, why something occurred?
• Ad hoc analysis capabilities, in which executives
  can make specific requests for data analysis as
  needed
• With the introduction of the Intranet corporate
  portals, now often appears under the name of
  business intelligence.

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Group Support Systems GSS

• Computer based systems that support collaborative
  intellectual work such as
• Idea generation
• Elaboration
• Analysis
• Synthesis
• Decision making
• GSS use technology to solve the time and place
  dimension problems associated with group work
• Also known as GDSS or Group Decision Support
  Systems

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Group decision support systems

• Features
• Electronic questionnaires set an agenda, plan
  ahead
• Electronic brainstorming allow all users to
  participate without fear
• Questionnaire tools gather information even
  before the meeting
• Stakeholder identification determines the impact
  of the groups decision
• Group dictionaries reduce the problem of
  different interpretations
• Used to help organisations with
• Preplanning meetings (clear-cut agenda of topics)
• Open, collaborative meeting atmosphere (free flow
  of ideas)
• Evaluation objectivity, reduce office politics
• Documentation clear communication about what
  took place, decisions made
• Preservation of organisational memory even
  those unable to attend will know what took place.

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Expert Systems ES

• An information system that emulates the problem
  solving techniques of human experts

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KMS
David J. Skyrme (2004)
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Capturing knowledge

• Word processing and text mining tools
• Closer integration of products to enhance
  capturing
• Annotations
• i.e. Judgements, remarks, interpretations
  captured on annotation servers
• Digital audio and Video recording
• The focus of browsable, searchable video and
  audio is to make them as versatile as print.
• At the moment, non-text digital media is
  difficult to search and browse
• Microsoft Research is looking at compressing
  streaming video information captured in seminars
  and classes (removing gaps, basic acceleration
  with pitch adjustment, tag key points in a
  lecture to reduce presentations. (improve
  browsing and skimming of multimedia)
• Gallery of extracted still images
• Speech recognition
• Improvement in automatic speech recognition (ASR)

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KM and IT tools