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The AIRSAR Instrument

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AIRSAR is a multi-frequency, quad-polarization, multi-baseline ... Dobson. Blom. Jackson, Njoku. Davies. Discipline. Polar Science. Code YS Hydrology ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: The AIRSAR Instrument


1
The AIRSAR Instrument
AIRSAR is a multi-frequency, quad-polarization,
multi-baseline interferometric imaging radar.
  • AIRSAR supports the NASA Earth Science Enterprise
    (ESE) Strategic Plan
  • Acquire science data.
  • Demonstrate new radar technology and radar
    techniques.
  • Calibrate/Validate other radar sensors
    satellitesuborbital
  • Develop science algorithms for radar.
  • Promote international partnerships.
  • Each of these activities is directly geared
    towards addressing ESE science questions.

Typical applications
NASA Science
  • Forestry Classification / Biomass Estimation
  • River rates, snow pack/melt, soil moisture
  • Ice type/thickness/extent, glacier motion
  • Biomass, carbon cycle, clear-cutting
  • Coastal currents, wave spectra, mesoscale eddies
  • Crop health/classification, urban mapping, forest
    inventory
  • Planetary analogues, technology demonstrations
  • Search and rescue, archaeology,
  • Hazards flood, fire, pollution, UXO, landslides
  • Solid Earth
  • Hydrology
  • Cryosphere
  • Ecology
  • Physical Oceanography
  • Land Cover
  • Space Science
  • Applications Program

2
AirSci 2002
Flight Request S. Cal Eddies CLPX GLAWEX Planetary
Analogues Deformation Studies I Fire
Hazards Search and Rescue I Search and Rescue
II SRTM Validation Deformation Studies II River
Altimeter Forest Studies DOD Archaeology SMEX Mars
Sciencecraft
PI Holt Cline Leshkevich Campbell Fielding Denniso
n, Weissel GSFC Dryden/GSFC Zebker Webb Rodriguez
Dobson Blom Jackson, Njoku Davies
Discipline Polar Science Code YS Hydrology Polar
Science/Hydrology Code SR Solid Earth and Natural
Hazards Code YO Code YO Code YO Solid Earth and
Natural Hazards Solid Earth and Natural
Hazards Code YS Hydrology Code YS Ecology / Code
YO Reimbursable DoD Code YS Hydrology Code S
3
SMEX02
Initally, dry condition
After light rainfall
After heavy rainfall
SMEX02 Field HQ
Dry-down
Further Dry-down
A set of five AIRSAR flights were acquired over
the SMEX experimental and regional sites,
compassing a series of thundershowers with an
initial dry period and a post-rain dry-down
period. These data were collected as part of an
intensive field and multi-sensor air campaign.
4
Cold Land Processes Experiment Snowfall-Induced
Change
Fraser 270-1 before-snow, just after snow, and
during snow-melt.
23 Feb 02
21 Feb 02
19 Feb 02
5
ATI for Surface Hydrology
Data acquired over Columbia and Missouri Rivers.
Principal Investigators
Delwyn Moller JPL Ernesto Rodriguez JPL
m/s
Research Objective
Demonstrate the feasibility of a future
spaceborne system which could use along-track
interferometry to measure river velocities and
cross-track interferometry for water level
measurements. Applications would include

dB
m/s
6
Great Lakes Winter Experiment Ice
Type/Thickness/Breakup
L
C
R
Whitefish Bay, Lake Superior
L CHH CHV CVV C LHH LHV LVV R PHH PHV PVV
L PHH LHH CHH C PHH LHV CHV R PVV LVV CVV
L PTP LTP CTP C PHH LHV CVV R PVV LHV CHH
7
IceSAR02 Ocean
Eddy Studies off the Coast of Southern CA
Principal Investigators
ERS Imagery
  • Ben Holt, JPL
  • Paul DiGiacomo, JPL

Research Objective
  • Map eddy structure via oily slicks interested
    in generation, persistence, recurrence,
    rotational and translational speeds.
  • Measure river outflow / storm water discharge and
    impact on productivity.
  • Same-day data acquisition with Radarsat and ERS
    for comparison.

AIRSAR L-band Along-Track Interferometry
8
AIRSAR Technology
Implemented in 2002
Planned for 2003
  • New Digital Chirp Generators (Mars)
  • New P-band Transmitter (3dB)
  • New EGI Firmware
  • Real-Time Differential GPS (lt14 cm)
  • Quick-look interferometry and polarimetry
  • Co-registered multi-frequency at differing
    bandwidths (40/40/20 and 80/80/40)
  • Demonstrate new digital subsystem three-times
    the data-rate--gtwider high-res swath / better
    SNR.
  • Add two C-band receivers to allow simultaneous
    POLSAR/TOPSAR/ATI with multiple-baselines
    simultaneous co-pol and cross-pol interferometry.
  • Demonstrate airborne repeat-pass interferometry
    processing capability.

9
DC-8 Schedule for 2003
SMEX03
SMEX03
NRL ATI
10
Data Acquisition Plans
  • Feb03 - Apr03 CLPX03, Mars ASE, SAR2
  • May03 - Jun03 ECOSAR03 (Central America)
  • Jun03 - Jul03 SMEX03
  • Jul03 - Aug03 NRL ATI
  • Feb04 - Apr04 CLPX04
  • 2004-2005 SHEX04 / SHEX05 ?
  • Jun04 - Jul04 LBA (Amazon) (not likely)
  • Dec04 - Feb05 Pole-to-Pole Mission
  • Sep05 Earthscope
  • Jun06 - Jul06 Earthscope

See http//www.dfrc.nasa.gov/airsci/dc85yr.html (N
ote that the calendar at this link is not
necessarily always up-to-date.)
11
Pole-to-Pole Mission
Tentative schedule Dec 2004- Feb 2005
  • Candidate Science Objectives
  • Volcano study in Aleutians and Kamchatka
    topographic change filling voids in SRTM
    coverage.
  • Alaska/Canada Tundra Ice studies in Arctic,
    Beaufort Sea, grounding line in Antarctic,
    Patagonia glaciers
  • Monsoon season in Australia (flooding)
  • Tropical forest studies (biomass and carbon
    cycle) South and Central America, SE Asia
    (Thailand, Cambodia, Malaysia)
  • Opposite season from previous campaigns in SE
    Asia and Australia for change in land cover,
    flood plains
  • Kuroshio current and related eddies, eddies spun
    off from Antarctic circumpolar current

Suggested Goals
  • Study of new-generation AIRSAR datasets for
    scientific and algorithm development.
  • Data fusion with additional co-mounted
    instruments e.g., MASTER, PSR
  • Cal/Val with spaceborne datasets ALOS/PalSAR,
    RadarSAT II.
  • Algorithm development for Hydros

Regions of Study
  • Arctic
  • Aleutians
  • Kamchatka
  • Central/South America
  • Antarctic
  • Australia and SE Asia

20 meter height wrap, near Angkor, Cambodia
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