S5 CIT

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S5 CIT

• Software of a Computer System

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Reason to install software

• software is a program that contains instructions
  and data
• to enable computer hardware to work as a computer
  system, we need computer program

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Application Software

• Perform specific tasks for users.
• Category
• Business Software
• Multimedia Software
• Personal and Educational Software
• Communication Software

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Which category?

• Internet Explorer
• ?????
• Windows Media Player
• PhotoImpact
• DreamWeaver
• Winamp

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System Software

• Operating System
• Eg Microsoft Windows
• Utility Programs
• Eg Scandisk
• Driver Program
• Eg Driver for the printer HP Deskjet 840C

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System Software Operating System (OS)

• a set of programs that
• control the operation of the computer system,
• manage resources,
• provide an environment for the users to access
  the various parts of the computer system easily.

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Function of OS

• Managing resources

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Function of OS

• User Interface
• Graphical User Interface (GUI), eg Windows,
  Linux
• Command Line Interface, eg DOS, Unix, Linux

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Function of OS

• File Management
• OS organizes the files on a storage medium in a
  hierarchical (????) directory structure

C\Songs\???\???\???.mp3
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Function of OS

• File Management
• File names contain an extension that is usually 1
  to 4 characters after a dot. It is used to
  describe the type of contents to be stored in the
  file.

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Function of OS

• Monitoring Performance
• Memory and CPU usage can be checked
• Warning given if resources are not enough

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Function of OS

• Maintaining Security
• Authorization. User name and password are
  required to use some functions of the OS.

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Function of OS

• Controlling the network
• The OS in the server of a network controls access
  to hardware and software

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Function of OS

• Communication between different OS
• File sharing between computer system using
  different OS
• A Linux Web server deliver web page to a computer
  installed with Windows

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Comparison of User Interface
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Command Line Interface
Graphical User Interface (GUI)
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Difference between common OS
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Difference between common OS
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Unix
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Linux
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OS in PDA
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Utility Program

• a type of system program that allows user to
  manage a computer
• some utility programs come with the OS and some
  are provided by the third parties.

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Backup Utility

• Make a copy of selected files or the whole hard
  disk onto a removable medium to avoid data loss
  in the original hard disk.

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File Compression Software

• To reduce the size of a file so that less space
  is required to store it.
• Process to compress ZIP
• Process to decompress UNZIP

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Disk Scanner

• To detect and correct logical damages on a
  storage medium.

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Disk Defragmenter

• To reorganize all the scattered (??) files on the
  hard disk so that data can be accessed quicker.

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Diagnostic Software

• To diagnoses problem in the computer and report
  errors and suggest course of action.

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Anti-virus Software

• To detect and clean viruses from the memory and
  storage medium.

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Anti-spyware Software

• To remove spyware in computer.
• Spyware is software that gather information about
  a person or organization without their permission.

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Hoax
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Hoax
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System Optimizer

• To optimize the performance of a computer.
• By fine-tuning some settings in the OS to
  optimize the performance.

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Driver Program

• a small piece of software for the OS that
  controls the device by using the specialized
  commands provided by the driver program
• driver program will become part of the OS
• driver maybe
• built-in in the OS
• come with the device
• download from the Internet

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Finding Driver from the Internet

• Find a driver for my printer at home
• What information would you need to know?

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Cross-Platform Issues

• Machine-independent Programming Languages
• Java can run on any operating system with the
  Java Virtual Machine software

Java Compiler
Java Source Program
Bytecode
Java Virtual Machine for each OS
Program can be run in any OS
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Cross-Platform Issues

• Markup Languages
• Markup languages are stored in a file in ASCII
  code.
• It can be run successfully on any computer which
  has the suitable browser.

Interpreter like Internet browser
Webpage can be shown in any OS
HTML file stored in ASCII code
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Cross-Platform Issues

• Different versions of player for different OS
• Video format in Windows ? .wmv
• Video format in Mac ? .mov
• Install Quicktime for Windows to play .mov in
  Windows environment
• Install Mplayer to play .wmv in Linux environment
  
• Install Windows Media Player for Mac to play .wmv
  in Mac environment

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Cross-Platform Issues

• Converting files to other type
• a document generated by Microsoft Word (in .doc
  format) cannot be read in Linux environment
• save the document into plain text format (ie
  .txt format) (store text in ASCII code only)
• save the document into Acrobat format (ie .pdf
  format) (require different reader for different
  OS)

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Advantages of Cross-platform Development

• Cost-effective
• only one application is created but more than one
  OS can be served
• Saves time and effort in conversion
• if a popular software is not developed to be
  cross-platform, it will take much time and effort
  to convert the software so that it can run on
  other OS.

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