Building an HPAI control strategy for Egypt

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Building an HPAI control strategy for Egypt

• Nick Honhold
• BVSc MSc PhD DipECVPH MRCVS
• AGAH, FAO Rome

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Poultry are an essential problem

• Poultry sector in Egypt is complex
• Rooftop poultry are perhaps unique to the country
• Poultry production and trade are essential to the
  poorer sectors of society
• Egypt showed the clearest signal of impact of
  HPAI on food security and livelihoods
• Large and small scale poultry production is
  essential and should not be interrupted
• Targeted bans may be possible but blanket bans
  are not recommended

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Protect poultry, Protect people
Wild birds
Wild birds
Poultry
Poultry
People
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Protect poultry, Protect people
Wild birds
Wild birds
Poultry
Poultry
People
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The fundamental principles of disease control
All three have to be functioning well at the same
time
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Control matrix

• Overall qualitative assessment of control program
  at present
• Not final, needs to be discussed widely
• Allows a gap analysis

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Turkey 2007 2008. Not perfect but effective
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Outcome of initial analysis fro Egypt

• Many gaps identified
• Too many to address at once
• Identify the most important in order to have an
  impact in all three aspects of control
• Focus on these for the coming year

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Initial suggestions for prioritisation of
interventions for control of HPAI in Egypt

• Compensation
• Public awareness for control of animal disease
• Cull of infected premises (commercial flocks)
• Cull of vet assessed Dangerous Contacts
• Biosecurity
• Segregation
• Cleaning

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Compensation

• Key to encourage reporting
• Was used initially
• Not just about availability of funds
• Transparency
• Speed of payment
• Who is paid
• Level of payments
• FAO prepared a compensation strategy for Egypt
• Needs to be finalised and agreed

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Public awareness for control of animal disease

• Support intervention strategy
• Need public awareness campaigns to provide
  information to ALL stakeholders on all disease
  control interventions
• Information on preventing spread
• Must promote measures that are practical and
  possible
• Prevent human exposure
• this has been the commonest area to date
• doesnt control disease at source

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Cull of infected premises

• Mostly an issue for commercial farms
• Not currently reported so not culled
• Requires high level of logistics to cull and
  dispose of birds
• Disposal of litter
• Effective disposal or thorough CD of items such
  as egg trays

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Cull of veterinary assessed DCs

• Outbreak investigation to identify these
• Cull these but ONLY these
• Targeted risk based culling
• NOT area culling based on distance from an
  infected premises

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Biosecurity

• An essential additional tool to vaccination for
  prevention
• Vaccination might be better seen as additional to
  biosecurity in reality
• Three basic principles
• Segregation, cleaning and disinfection

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The three principal steps for biosecurity

• Physical segregation Prevent contamination
• Cleaning Remove contamination
• Disinfection Kill any remaining virus

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The three principal steps for biosecurity
Segregation is the most important and effective
step. It is the strongest form of biosecurity and
where effort should be placed if at all
possible Cleaning is the next most effective
step. If all dirt is removed, there is little
material left in which the virus may be
carried Disinfection is important but is the
least reliable step of biosecurity. Its
effectiveness depends on many factors, in
particular the quality of the cleaning process.
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Decontamination Cleaning disinfection
Effective cleaning removes 80-90 of
contamination Effective disinfection following
effective cleaning removes the remaining
10-20 Ineffective cleaning followed by
disinfection removes ltlt80 of contamination It
is impossible to disinfect anything that is
visibly dirty
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FAO Biosecurity work in Egypt

• Decontamination
• Biosecurity in Resource Deficient Situations
• PPP
• All three link to provide a combined approach to
  the poultry production and marketing network
• Have to try and have an impact at all points and
  links of a complex system

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