Reproduction and Development

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Reproduction and Development

• Chapter 46 and 47

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Asexual reproduction

• Fission
• Budding
• Gemmules
• Fragmentation
• regeneration

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Sexual reproduction

• Parthenogenesis
• Hermaphroditism
• Sequential hermaphroditism reverses its sex
  during its lifetime
• -protogynous female first
• -protandrous male first

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Fertilization

• External vs. internal
• External requires water environment
• Internal allowed animals to adapt to dry land
• Incited by pheremones

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Figure 46.6 Reproductive anatomy of a parasitic
flatworm
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Figure 46.7 Insect reproductive anatomy
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Figure 46.8 Reproductive anatomy of the human
male
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Figure 46.8 Reproductive anatomy of the human
male (continued)
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Figure 46.11 Spermatogenesis
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Figure 46.12 Structure of a human sperm cell
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Figure 46.14 Hormonal control of the testes
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Figure 46.9 Reproductive anatomy of the human
female
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Figure 46.9 Reproductive anatomy of the human
female (continued)
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Figure 46.9x Ovary (left) and follicle (right)
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Figure 46.10 Ovulation
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Figure 46.13a Oogenesis
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Figure 46.13b Oogenesis
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Figure 46.15 The reproductive cycle of the human
female
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Figure 47.5 Fertilization in mammals
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Figure 46.16 Formation of the zygote and early
postfertilization events
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Figure 47.8x Cleavage in a frog embryo
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Figure 47.7 The establishment of the body axes
and the first cleavage plane in an amphibian
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Figure 47.15 Early development of a human embryo
and its extraembryonic membranes
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Figure 46.17 Placental circulation
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Figure 46.18 Human fetal development
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Figure 46.22 Ultrasound imaging
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Figure 46.19 Hormonal induction of labor
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Figure 46.20 The three stages of labor
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Figure 46.21 Mechanisms of some contraceptive
methods
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Table 47.1 Derivatives of the Three Embryonic
Germ Layers in Vertebrates
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Figure 47.14 The development of extraembryonic
membranes in a chick
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Figure 47.23 Organizer regions in vertebrate
limb development
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Figure 47.24 The experimental manipulation of
positional information