Community Health Management

1
Community Health Management

• Cardio-Pulmonary Disease Reduction Programs

2
Introduction

• Morbidity and Mortality
• Cardiovascular Diseases
• Pulmonary Diseases
• Behavior
• Cardiovascular Diseases
• Pulmonary Diseases
• Reducing Morbidity and Mortality

3
Purpose

• Primary Health Care Approach
• Community Involvement
• Linkages
• Indigenous Resources
• Local Support Systems
• Prevention
• Primary, Secondary, Tertiary
• Awareness, Behavior, Environment

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Goals

• Reduce Incidence, Morbidity, and Mortality of
  Most Preventable Causes of Cardiovascular and
  Pulmonary Diseases
• Reduce Incidence, Morbidity, and Mortality of
  Most Common Causes of Cardiovascular and
  Pulmonary Disease

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Objectives

• Establish Cardio-Pulmonary Disease Control
  Committee
• Determine Incidence and Prevalence of
  Cardio-Pulmonary Diseases
• Identify Most Common and Preventable Causes
• Implement Control Programs
• Evaluate Effectiveness of Programs
• Modify or Improve Programs as Needed

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Strategies

• Primary Prevention
• Individual Awareness, Behavior Modification, and
  Changes to the Environment
• Secondary Prevention
• Screening Programs that are Available,
  Affordable, and Accessible
• Tertiary Prevention
• Reducing Disability

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Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Suggested
Prevention Approach

• Smoking
• Hypertension
• Hyperlipidemia
• Physical Activity/Sedentary Lifestyle

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Pulmonary Disease Risk Factors and Suggested
Prevention Approach

• Smoking
• Infectious Agents
• Genetic Factors
• Exposure to Toxic Irritants
• Exposure to Carcinogens
• Physical Activity/Sedentary Lifestyle

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Smoking Prevention

• Introduction

• Primary Cause of Lung Disease
• Primary Cause of Cardiovascular Disease
• Synergistic Effects
• Former Smokers
• Primary Prevention Focus

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Smoking Prevention

• Purpose

• Reduce Incidence of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary
  Disease
• Reduce Economic Burden on Individual, Family, and
  Community
• Reduce Susceptibility to Other Diseases

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Smoking Prevention

• Goals

• Reduce the Prevalence of Primary Smokers in the
  Community
• Reduce the Amount of Smoking by Primary Smokers
• Reduce the Incidence of New Smokers

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Smoking Prevention

• Objectives

• Primary Prevention
• Awareness
• Behavior Modification
• Environmental Changes

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Smoking PreventionAwareness

• Most Important Cause of Preventable Morbidity and
  Early Demise
• 2X Risk of Fatal Heart Disease
• 10X Risk of Lung CA
• Lower Birthweight Children

• Cessation Lessens Risk of MI and Stroke
• Slow Rate of CAD
• Reversal of COPD
• Decrease Respiratory Infections

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Smoking PreventionBehavior Modification

• Ask if Pt. Interested in Quitting
• Motivate Pt. to Stop
• Set a Date to Quit
• Consider Drug Tx.
• Follow-Up

• Nicotine Gum
• Transdermal Nicotine Patch
• Counseling
• Set an Example

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Smoking PreventionEnvironmental Changes

• Visual Stimulus
• Availability of Cigarettes
• Legislative Process
• Advice to Businesses
• Volunteer

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Summary

• Reducing Morbidity and Mortality of
  Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Diseases
• Preventive Approaches
• Benefits to Individual, Family, and Community
• Role of Primary Health Care
• Assess, Prioritize, Implement, Evaluate
• Community Involvement, Linkages, Indigenous
  Resources, Support Systems