Emotion, Learning, and Memory

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Emotion, Learning, and Memory

• Class 11

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How Emotions Affect Mental Processes
How emotions affect memory, learning, and
judgment   Emotional intelligence  
Emotions and social judgment
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Bower Mood and Cognition Research
1. Memory for past events 2. Learning 3.
Higher Order Functions   Free
associations   Fantasies/Imagination  
Snap judgments   Event likelihood  
Social impressions  Self judgment
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State Dependent Memory
Memory associated with an emotional state will be
easier to retrieve when you are in that
emotional state.   Memory associated with an
emotional state will be harder to retrieve when
you are in an opposed emotional state.
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Scuba Diver Study
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Bower State Dependent Memory Study
1. Ss learn 16 words in happy mood, then later
Ss learn 16 words in a sad mood 2. Ss
come back some time later 3. Ss placed in
either a happy or a sad mood 4. Ss asked to
recall words from "happy" list and from "sad"
list.
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Learning and Recall in Same/Different Moods
(Percent Recalled)
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Number of Happy and Sad Memories Remembered by
Happy and Sad Subjects
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Associative Networks
Easy Parking
Fine dining
Rutgers
day old pizza
Books
Classes
"Friends" re-runs
My friend Maria
Get Maria from airport!!
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Associative Networks
Weekends
Emotions Class
Happy
Fun Readings
Friends
Birthdays
Emotions and cognition
Associative Networks
Mood Congruent Learning!!!
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Time Spent Looking at Happy/Sad Scenesby
Happy/Sad Subjects
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Number of Happy/Sad Scenes Recalled by Ss Who
Studies Scenes in Happy/Sad Mood
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State Dependent Memory and Mood Congruent Learning
State-Dependent Memory How mood helps/hurts
retrieval of things that are already
there.    Mood-Congruent Learning How mood
affects they way in which new information is
brought into memory to begin with.
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Number of Happy/Sad Story Incidents Recalled by
Ss Who Read Story in Happy/Sad Mood
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Probability of Recalling a Prompt due to
Strength of Emotion Generated by the Memory
Associated to the Prompt
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Procedure for Emotional Intensity and Learning
Study Session 1
a. Subjects are hypnotized b. Ss trained to
evoke three different levels of either
happy, sad, or angry
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Procedure for Emotional Intensity and Learning
Study Session 2
a. Ss access mood they were trained to
evoke b. Imagine self in 4 happy scenes, 4 sad
scenes, 4 angry scenes narrated to Ss by the
experimenter 1. At emotion level 1
(lowest) 2. At emotion level 2 ( middle) 3.
At emotion level 3 (highest) c. Shift to neutral
mood d. Remove from hypnotic trance e. Filler
task for 5 minutes f. Free recall of gist of
episodes
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Average free-recall of happy, angry, sad episodes
by happy, angry, sad subjects
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Average Free-Recall For Episodes Under Low,
Medium, Or High Intensity Emotion