earth in space

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earth in space
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BIG BANG

• Outward expansion of all matter in the universe
  from a singular point (singularity)
• 13.7 billion years ago
• Very dense/very hot

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Earths address

• Earth (planet)
• Solar system (everything around sun)
• Milky Way galaxy (100 billion stars)
• Local group (cluster) (20 galaxies)
• Super Cluster (hundreds of groups)
• Universe (millions of super clusters)

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• Nearest galaxy Andromeda
• In our local group
• 2.2 million light years away

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Chance for life???

• 8 planets in our star system (1 has life) x 100
  billion star systems in our galaxy x 20 galaxies
  in our local group x 100 groups in a supercluster
  x 1 million clusters in the universe
• 1.8 x 10 24 possible life in the universe

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• SETI search for extra-terrestrial intelligence
• 1970s, look for radio waves from distant stars
  for signs of life
• 1995 found other planets around other stars
• Star wobbles due to planets gravity

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Rotation Revolution
Earths 2 main motions
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Earth Movement

• Rotation turn on axis (24 hours)
• Gives us day/night cycles
• Effects the ocean/air currents
• (Coriolis Effect)
• 1000mph

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• Revolution move around the sun
• Gives us year (365.24 days)
• Path around sun is ORBIT
• Orbit shape ellipse (oval)
• 67,000mph

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Precession

• Axis is tilted the samebut a different direction
  (wobbles)
• Right nowPolaris is our north star directly
  overhead the north pole
• In 14000, the north star will be Vega
• In 28,000Polaris again
• No real affect on seasons

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Axis of rotation

• 23.5 degree tilt

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Seasons

• Caused by the tilt of the earths axis
• This effects AMOUNT
• INTENSITY of sunlight

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• Summer vs. Winter //
• Earth is actually closer to the sun during the
  Northern hemispheres winter, but the angle of
  the suns rays are weaker so colder

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• Spring March 21 Vernal equinox
• Summer June 21 Summer solstice
• Fall Sept 21 Autumnal equinox
• Winter Dec 21 Winter solstice

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• Equinox equal day night
• (12 hours of day/12 hours of night)
• sun directly overhead at the equator
• axis does not lean toward or away from sun

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• Solstice longest/shortest day
• directly overhead at 23.5º N or 23.5o S
  (Tropics of Cancer Capricorn)
• axis leaning toward or away from sun
• North of the Artic Circle gets 24 hours of night
  during the winter and 24 hours of day during
  summer

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