BIOMATERIALS

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BIOMATERIALS
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INSTRUCTIONS
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INTRODUCTION

• This package has been specially designed to
  provide pharmacy students with accurate and
  concise information regarding Biomaterials and
  their applications.
• The main focus of this package is looking at
  Microparticulate systems as drug carriers and
  biomaterials as Coating materials.

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Biomaterials Menu

• Definition of biomaterials
• Types of biomaterials
• Ideal properties of biomaterials
• Applications of biomaterials
• Useful links
• Tutorials

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Biomaterials

• Biomaterials can be defined as a material
  intended to interface with biological systems to
  evaluate, treat, augment, or replace any tissue,
  organ or function of the body.

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Types of Biomaterials

• Biomaterials can be
• Natural
• Synthetic
• Solid
• Liquid
• These can be used in medical devices or within
  biological systems.
• E.g. metals, ceramics, polymers, glasses,
  carbons.
• Biomaterials can be roughly divided into 3
  groups
• Inert materials or minimal tissue response, such
  as metals
• Active materials encourage bonding to surrounding
  tissue with such as new bone growth stimulation
• Degradable materials are incorporated into the
  surrounding tissue, or completely dissolve over a
  period of time.

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Ideal properties of Biomaterials

• The main property required of a biomaterial is
  that it does not illicit an adverse reaction when
  placed into a biological system.
• Ideally it should be
• Non-toxic
• Non-allergenic
• Non-carcinogenic
• Non-mutagenic

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Application of Biomaterials

• Orthopaedic
• Dental
• Cardiovascular
• Cosmetic
• Ophthalmic

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Orthopaedic Applications

• Examples of biomaterials used in orthopaedic
  applications include
• Joint replacements (hip, knee)
• Bone cements
• Bone defect fillers
• Fracture fixation plates
• Artificial tendons and ligaments.

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Dental Applications

• Examples of biomaterials used in dental
  applications include
• Pins for anchoring tooth implants and also part
  of orthodontic devices.
• Dentures made from polymeric biomaterials.

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Cardiovascular Applications

• Biomaterials are widely used in cardiovascular
  equipment and devices to be inserted into
  biological systems.
• Examples include
• Carbon used in heart valves
• Polyurethane for pace makers.
• Their use depends on the specific application
  and the design.

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Cosmetic Applications

• Examples of biomaterials used in cosmetic
  applications include
• Silicones for breast enlargement.
• Artificial skin

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Ophthalmic Applications

• Examples of biomaterials used in ophthalmic
  applications include
• Contact lenses
• Corneal implants
• Artificial corneas
• Intraocular lenses

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Useful Links

• Click below to obtain further information on
  Biomaterials and their applications
• Biomaterials Body Parts of the Future
• Biomaterials
• Developments in medical polymers for Biomaterials
  Applications
• Biomaterials-Polymers in Controlled Drug Delivery

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TUTORIALS

• MICROPARTICULATE SYSTEMS AS DRUG CARRIERS

• COATING MATERIALS