Chapter 1 The Scope of Biology

1

• Chapter 1- The Scope of Biology

2
Exploring Life from the global to the microscopic
scale

• The Biosphere
• Consists of all the parts of the planet that are
  inhabited by living things
• Atmosphere
• Ecosphere
• Hydrosphere
• Lithosphere

3
Ecosystems Organisms

• An ecosystem
• Tropical rainforest
• Woodland forests
• Prairie
• Ponds
• Organisms are living things
• They range in size from very
  large to microscopic.

4
Cells DNA

• Cells
• all organisms are made up of one or more cells.
• DNA
• Genes contain the DNA

5
Classifying Life

• Classification is organizing similar species into
  larger groups by physical characteristics
• Developed by Carol Linneaus
• Kingdom
• Phylum
• Class
• Order
• Family
• Genus
• Species

6
The 3 Domains of Life
7

• Archaea Bacteria contain very tiny organisms,
  most of which are unicellular and prokaryotic
• Unicellular
• Prokaryotic Cells
• Eukarya contains eukaryotic cells
• Eukaryotic Cells
• Four Kingdoms

8
10 Themes that unify the study of lifethere are
some basic ideas, or themes, that apply to all
levels and for all organisms

• Biological Systems
• Cellular Basis
• Form and Function
• Reproduction and Inheritance
• Interaction with the Environment

• Energy and Life
• Regulation
• Adaptation and Evolution
• Biology and Society
• Scientific Inquiry

9
Biological Systems

• A system is
• It has properties that are based on the
  arrangement and interactions
• Example A bicycle
• Our bodies are living, biological systems.
• Example Nervous, Skeletal, etc.

10
Nervous System
11
Cellular Basis of life

• Organisms
• Ex Muscle and Nerve cells
• Cells are also organized into higher levels of
  organization
• Cell Tissue Organ
• An organisms development and survival are based
  on the functions and interactions of its cells

12
Form and Function

• Think about different organisms out there and
  their form and function
• a bird
• a sting ray
• a lion

13
Bird Skeletons
14
Reproduction/Inheritance

• There is similarity between parents and their
  offspring.
• This is due to the passing of traits, by genes,
  from one generation to the next.
• Inherited DNA directs the transformation of the
  fertilized egg into an organism

15
Interaction with Environment

• Each organism interacts continuously with its
  environment
• Physical Exchange
• Chemical Exchange
• Plants and photosynthesis
• Obtains water/nutrients from soil
• Obtains carbon dioxide from air
• Obtains energy from the sunlight

16
Energy and Life

• Daily activities require energy
• Obtain energy in a chemical form
• All organisms lose energy as heat
• Energy flows in ecosystems
• Converts energy from one form to another
• Producers
• Consumers

17
Energy in Ecosystems
18
Adaptation Evolution

• Inherited traits that help in the ability to
  survive
• Ex Camouflage

• ?
• ?
• ? Usually is a generation-generation change

19

• Regulation
• Panting, Homeostasis
• Biology and Society
• New medications genetic crops
• Scientific Inquiry