Carbohydrates in life

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Carbohydrates in life
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Carbohydrates

• Carbo- carbon Hydrate- water
• Mono-saccharide one-sugar
• Poly-saccharide many-sugar. A polymer of
  monosaccharides.

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Glucose - a monosaccharide
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abbreviation

• Glc-glucose
• Gal-galactose
• Man-mannose
• Fuc-fucose
• Fru-fructose

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Polysaccharide - a polymer of sugars
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functions

• provide energy
• Glucose in blood, 4kcal/gram
• Lactose in milk
• Other functions
• -Blood ABO

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Polysaccharides - many uses

• Food storage
• Starch in plants
• Glycogen in animals
• Structure
• Cellulose - plant cell wall
• Chitin - insect exoskeleton

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Two structural polysaccharides
Cellulose
Chitin
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source

• Digestion and absorption
• -starch,lactose,dextran
  (yeast,bacteria),
• cellulose, glycogen
• Gluconeogenesis
• -C3 in cow and goat
• -amino acids