XML Schema

1
XML Schema

• Information Retrieval Systems
• Maria Indrawan 2003

2
Complex Type with Attribute

• The declaration of attributes need to be placed
  after the declaration of child elements.

3
ComplexType with Attribute

• lt?xml version"1.0"?gt
• ltxsschema xmlnsxs"http//www.w3.org/2001/XMLSch
  ema"gt
• ltxselement name"person"gt
• ltxscomplexTypegt
• ltxssequencegt
• ltxselement name"firstname"
  type"xsstring"/gt
• ltxselement name"lastname"
  type"xsstring"/gt
• lt/xssequencegt
• ltxsattribute name"ID" type"xsID"/gt
• lt/xscomplexTypegt
• lt/xselementgt
• lt/xsschemagt

4
Anonymous Type

• A type that is defined without a name associated
  with it.
• ltxscomplexTypegt
• ltxssimpleContentgt
• ltxsextension base"xsstring"gt
• ltxsattribute name"language"
• type"xsstring"
• use"required"/gt
• lt/xsextensiongt
• lt/xssimpleContentgt
• lt/xscomplexTypegt

5
Named Type

• lt?xml version"1.0" encoding"UTF-8"?gt
• ltxsschema xmlnsxs"http//www.w3.org/2001/XMLSch
  ema"gt
• ltxscomplexType name"person"gt
• ltxssequencegt
• ltxselement name"firstname"
  type"xsstring"/gt
• ltxselement name"lastname" type"xsstring"/gt
• lt/xssequencegt
• lt/xscomplexTypegt
• ltxselement name"book"gt
• ltxscomplexTypegt
• ltxssequencegt
• ltxselement name"author" type"person"/gt
• ltxselement name"editor" type"person"/gt
• lt/xssequencegt
• lt/xscomplexTypegt
• lt/xselementgt
• lt/xsschemagt

6
Named Type

• lt?xml version"1.0" encoding"UTF-8"?gt
• ltbook xmlnsxsi"http//www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-
  instance" xsinoNamespaceSchemaLocation"namedType
  .xsd"gt
• ltauthorgt
• ltfirstnamegtJohnlt/firstnamegt
• ltlastnamegtHowardlt/lastnamegt
• lt/authorgt
• lteditorgt
• ltfirstnamegtGeorgelt/firstnamegt
• ltlastnamegtBushlt/lastnamegt
• lt/editorgt
• lt/bookgt

7
Derived Data Type

• Derived data types can be created using an
  extension or restriction methods.
• Extension is similar to the concept of
  generalisation in OO modelling.
• Restriction is similar to the concept of
  inheritance in OO modelling.

8
Simple Type Derivation

• Derivation by Restriction.
• use the xsrestriction
• Derivation by List
• Derivation by Union

9
Restriction

• Restriction can be used to
• specify a range.
• specify the length of a string.
• specify pattern of a string.
• etc

10
Restriction Range

• lt?xml version"1.0"?gt
• ltxsschema xmlnsxs"http//www.w3.org/2001/XMLSch
  ema"gt
• ltxselement name"myAge"gt
• ltxssimpleTypegt
• ltxsrestriction base"xsdecimal"gt
• ltxstotalDigits value"2"/gt
• lt/xsrestrictiongt
• lt/xssimpleTypegt
• lt/xsschemagt

11
Restriction Range

• Restriction
• Example height integer 150 to 250 cm
• ltxssimpleType nameheightgt
• ltxsrestriction basexsintegergt
• ltxsminInclusive value150/gt
• ltxsmaxExclusive value251/gt
• lt/xsrestrictiongt
• lt/xssimpleTypegt
• ltxselement namestudentHeight typeheightgt

12
Restriction Enumerated Values

• lt?xml version"1.0"?gt
• ltxsschema xmlnsxs"http//www.w3.org/2001/XMLSch
  ema"gt
• ltxselement name"size"gt
• ltxssimpleTypegt
• ltxsrestriction base"xsstring"gt
• ltxsenumeration value"S"/gt
• ltxsenumeration value"M"/gt
• ltxsenumeration value"L"/gt
• ltxsenumeration value"XL"/gt
• lt/xsrestrictiongt
• lt/xssimpleTypegt
• lt/xselementgt
• lt/xsschemagt

13
Enumerated Values

• lt?xml version"1.0"?gt
• ltsize xsinoNamespaceSchemaLocation"enum.xsd"
• xmlnsxsi"http//www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-insta
  nce"gtXLlt/sizegt

14
Restriction - Pattern

• Victorian Number Plate.
• 3 digits character followed by 3 digits number.
• ltxselement name"numberPlate"gt
• ltxssimpleTypegt
• ltxsrestriction base"xsstring"gt
• ltxslength value"6"/gt
• ltxspattern value"A-Z30-93"/gt
• lt/xsrestrictiongt
• lt/xssimpleTypegt
• lt/xselementgt

15
Regular Expression

• A pattern definition language used to perform
  pattern matching.
• Characters used in regular expression
• Bound
• n specifies the exact number of times for the
  preceeding item to match.
• n, specifices the minimum number of times for
  the preceeding item to match.
• n,m specifies the minimum(n) and the maximum(m)
  nuber of times for the preceeding item to match.
• ?, ,

16
Regular Expression

• Bracket
• gt Matches one of any character enclosed, eg.
  abcd
• lowerBound-upperBound gt Matches any character
  within the range of lowerBound and upperBound, eg
  1-9.
• gt Matches any character EXCEPT those
  enclosed, eg cat
• Examples
• 00,21?5?
• 00,2 gt up to two 0s are permitted.
• 1?gt 0 or 1 occurrence of the number 1
• 5?gt 0 or 1 occurrence of the number 5
• Correct values 0015, 1, 5
• Incorrect values 25, 0001

17
Derivation by List

• Derivation by list is the mechanism by which a
  list data type can be derived from an atomic data
  type.
• All the items in the list need to have the same
  data type.
• Example ltintegerListgt 5 6 7 8 9 10
  11lt/integerListgt

18
Derivation by List

• ltxselement name"size"gt
• ltxssimpleTypegt
• ltxslist itemType"xsinteger"/gt
• lt/xssimpleTypegt
• lt/xselementgt

19
Derivation by Union

• Derivation by union allows the definition of a
  new data type by merging of several predefined or
  user derived data types.

20
Derivation by Union

• lt?xml version"1.0"?gt
• ltxsschema xmlnsxs"http//www.w3.org/2001/XMLSch
  ema"gt
• ltxssimpleType name"sizeLetter"gt
• ltxsrestriction base"xsstring"gt
• ltxsenumeration value"S"/gt
• ltxsenumeration value"M"/gt
• ltxsenumeration value"L"/gt
• ltxsenumeration value"XL"/gt
• lt/xsrestrictiongt
• lt/xssimpleTypegt

21
Derivation by Union (cont)

• ltxssimpleType name"sizeNumber"gt
• ltxsrestriction base"xsinteger"gt
• ltxsenumeration value"26"/gt
• ltxsenumeration value"30"/gt
• ltxsenumeration value"34"/gt
• ltxsenumeration value"38"/gt
• lt/xsrestrictiongt
• lt/xssimpleTypegt

22
Derivation by Union (cont)

• ltxselement name"myJeans"gt
• ltxscomplexTypegt
• ltxssimpleContentgt
• ltxsextension base"xsstring"gt
• ltxsattribute name"size"gt
• ltxssimpleTypegt
• ltxsunion memberTypes"sizeNumber
  sizeLetter"/gt
• lt/xssimpleTypegt
• lt/xsattributegt
• lt/xsextensiongt
• lt/xssimpleContentgt
• lt/xscomplexTypegt
• lt/xselementgt
• lt/xsschemagt

23
Derivation of a Complex Type

• Extension
• add child-elements
• cannot be used in a simple content complex type
• add attributes
• Restriction
• removing child-elements or attributes

24
Adding a Child-element

• ltxselement name"authorgt
• ltxscomplexTypegt
• ltxscomplexContentgt
• ltxsextension base"person"gt
• ltxssequencegt
• ltxselement name"nationality
  type"xsstring"/gt
• lt/xssequencegt
• lt/xsextensiongt
• lt/xscomplexContentgt
• lt/xscomplexTypegt
• lt/xselementgt

25
Adding an Attribute (1)

• lt!- Adding an attribute to a simple type to make
  a complex type?
• ltxselement name"title"gt
• ltxscomplexTypegt
• ltxssimpleContentgt
• ltxsextension base"xsstring"gt
• ltxsattribute name"language"
  type"xsstring" use"required"/gt
• lt/xsextensiongt
• lt/xssimpleContentgt
• lt/xscomplexTypegt
• lt/xselementgt

26
Adding an Attribute (2)

• lt!- adding an attribute to a complex type ?
• ltxselement name"author"gt
• ltxscomplexTypegt
• ltxscomplexContentgt
• ltxsextension base"person"gt
• ltxsattribute name"sex"/gt
• lt/xsextensiongt
• lt/xscomplexContentgt
• lt/xscomplexTypegt
• lt/xselementgt

27
Removing a Child-Element

• lt?xml version"1.0"?gt
• ltxsschema xmlnsxs"http//www.w3.org/2001/XMLSch
  ema"gt
• ltxscomplexType name"person"gt
• ltxssequencegt
• ltxselement name"firstname" type"xsstring"/gt
• ltxselement name"lastname" type"xsstring"/gt
• lt/xssequencegt
• lt/xscomplexTypegt

28

• ltxselement name"book"gt
• ltxscomplexTypegt
• ltxssequencegt
• ltxselement name"author"gt
• ltxscomplexTypegt
• ltxscomplexContentgt
• ltxsrestriction base"person"gt
• ltxssequencegt
• ltxselement name"lastname"
  type"xsstring"/gt
• lt/xssequencegt
• lt/xsrestrictiongt
• lt/xscomplexContentgt
• lt/xscomplexTypegt
• lt/xselementgt
• ltxselement name"editor" type"person"/gt
• lt/xssequencegt
• lt/xscomplexTypegt
• lt/xselementgt
• lt/xsschemagt

29
Removing Attribute

• ltxselement name"book"gt
• ltxscomplexTypegt
• ltxssequencegt
• ltxselement name"author"gt
• ltxscomplexTypegt
• ltxscomplexContentgt
• ltxsrestriction base"person"gt
• ltxssequencegt
• ltxselement name"firstname"
  type"xsstring"/gt
• ltxselement name"lastname"
  type"xsstring"/gt
• lt/xssequencegt
• ltxsattribute name"nationality"
  type"xsstring" use"prohibited"/gt
• lt/xsrestrictiongt
• lt/xscomplexContentgt
• lt/xscomplexTypegt
• lt/xselementgt
• ltxselement name"editor" type"person"/gt
• lt/xssequencegt
• lt/xscomplexTypegt

30
Global Declaration

• ltxsschema xmlnsxs"http//www.w3.org/2001/XMLSch
  ema"gt
• ltxselement name"author" type"xsstring"/gt
• ltxselement name"editor" type"xsstring"/gt
• ltxselement name"title" type"xsstring"/gt
• ltxselement name"book"gt
• ltxscomplexTypegt
• ltxssequencegt
• ltxselement ref"author"/gt
• ltxselement ref"editor"/gt
• ltxselement ref"title"/gt
• lt/xssequencegt
• lt/xscomplexTypegt
• lt/xselementgt
• lt/xsschemagt

31
Summary
y
y