Pentaksiran Bestari

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Pentaksiran Bestari

• sebagai
• Sistem Pentaksiran Kebangsaan

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AGENDA

• Definisi
• Tujuan
• Objektif
• Prinsip Asas
• Ciri
• Perbezaan
• Proses
• Pemboleh

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Definisi
Pentaksiran Bestari
Pentaksiran Bestari ialah satu bentuk pentaksiran
yang lues, berfokuskan individu dan menggunakan
teknologi dalam operasinya
Pentaksiran Bestari PentaksiranLues
Individu Teknologi PB P(LI) T
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Tujuan Pentaksiran Bestari
Tujuan

• Untuk merealisasikan aspirasi Falsafah Pendidikan
  Negara
• Untuk menjamin kualiti pendidikan

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Objektif Pentaksiran Bestari
Objektif

• Untuk memberikan maklumat yang lengkap dan
  berguna tentang prestasi pembelajaran kepada
  pelajar, guru, ibubapa, dan stakeholders yang
  lain yang dapat menggambarkan keupayaan sebenar
  pelajar.

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Prinsip Asas Pentaksiran Bestari
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Ciri-ciri Pentaksiran Bestari
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Holistik
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Berasaskan Elemen
The objectives of the National Philosophy of
Education focus on the physical, emotional,
spiritual and intellectual development of the
individual. These four aspects are human
constructs that should be the focus of our
education system. Thus, an assessment approach
that is able to provide information regarding
the development and realization of the four
constructs should be established. Assessment must
therefore be geared towards the development of
these constructs and this can be achieved through
an element-based assessment system. Element
based assessment focuses on the elements that
learners possess or have developed through a
programme of learning as a result of classroom
instruction. This kind of assessment provides
information on the mastery and achievement of
elements by students. Elements are
subdivisions of constructs that need to be
developed through the process of teaching and
learning . They represent culminating
demonstrations of learning achievement. They may
be skills, knowledge, values or performance
outcomes. Subjects or learning areas are the
means of developing the elements. Examples
Subject Element Language Ability to
express ideas Moral Education Ability to work
cooperatively Mathematics Ability to
estimate quantities Science Ability to
formulate hypothesis
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Merujuk Kriteria
Pentaksiran Merujuk Kriteria ialah satu bentuk
pentaksiran yang dirujukkan pada satu set
kriteria yang sudah ditentukan
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Berpusatkan Pelajar
Smart Assessment is learner-centred as it is
based on the belief that all learners have
different rates of learning and given sufficient
time and the right opportunities, all learners
can become successful. It is therefore imperative
to have a system of assessment which will
enable each learner to be assessed when he or she
is ready. In view of the above, Smart Assessment
will not only be flexible in nature but also will
be administered on an individual basis. In this
system all students will be assessed when they
are ready. Their assessment results will be
recorded accordingly while reports will be issued
upon request. It is also important to realize
that although all assessment data need to be
recorded, only positive reports of a learners
performance will be issued.
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On-line
A distinct feature of Smart Assessment is the
integration of technology with the process and
administration of assessment through an On-line
Assessment System. On-line assessment means that
items for assessment will be stored in a
computerised item bank and will be made available
to users through networking. The integration of
technology as a tool to facilitate assessment
will create a climate where assessment can be
provided for each student virtually on demand.
This system will enable teachers, students and
assessment workers to engage in assessment
activities whenever they are ready as valid and
reliable items will be readily accessible and
learners scores will be recorded in a Lifetime
Database. Reports will also be produced regarding
the learners level of mastery of particular
elements.

• The On-line Assessment System will consist of
• Comprehensive Item Bank
• Test Generation System
• On-line Administration System
• Scoring and Analysis System

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Pelbagai Bentuk

• determine entry point of students
• diagnose students strengths and
• weaknesses
• monitor students progress
• determine instructional
• effectiveness
• motivate and encourage

Assessment will be conducted in various forms
to allow different demonstrations of strength,
abilities and knowledge. Assessment can then be
categorized as follows Classroom
assessment School-based assessment
Centralised assessment
Done prior to and during instruction
to
Done at the end of each learning area

• assess achievement of each
• intended learning outcome in
• the curriculum

to

• assess overall achievement of elements that need
  to be developed
• assess intellectual aptitude based on the
  multiple intelligences of the
• individual

Conducted on demand when learner is ready
to
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Panca Instrumen
Authentic Assessment is a form of assessment
whereby learners are required to show their
actual performance and practice an entire
concept rather than bits and pieces in
preparation for eventual understanding

• The assessment system in the Smart School will be
  eclectic in nature with the use
• of a variety of approaches and instruments in
  order to actively involve students in a process
  that joins together what is taught, how it is
  taught and how it is evaluated.
• Tools of assessment will range from traditional
  assessment tools as well as alternative
  assessment tools. This approach will help improve
  the validity of the assessment as this will
  ensure a wide coverage of both the content and
  process of learning and instruction.
• Traditional Assessment
• Traditional assessment tools such as paper and
  pencil tests in criterion-referenced standardised
  tests to assess overall achievement will be used.
  Traditional and alternative assessment will be
  used to assess multiple intelligence in learners
  centrally.
• Alternative Assessment
• Alternative assessment refers to any form of
  assessment that is other than the traditional
  standardised norm-referenced or
  criterion-referenced paper and pencil testing. It
  may require students to answer an open-ended
  question, work out a solution to a non-routine
  problem, perform a demonstration of a skill or
  produce a portfolio or artifact.
• Forms of alternative assessment that will be
  implemented in the Smart School for classroom,
  school-based and centralised assessment are as
  follows
• authentic assessment
• performance based assessment
• portfolio assessment
• learner-generated rubrics assessment

Performance-based Assessment requires learners to
create a response or a product to a task given
that demonstrate his or her understanding,
knowledge or skills over a period of time.
Portfolio Assessment refers to the systematic
collection of a learners work samples, records
of observation and test results over a period of
time. The assessment of a portfolio is based on
established criteria to reflect the achievement
of the instructional objectives.
Learner-generated Rubric Assessment focuses on
the teachers instructional objectives which are
derived from educational standards. Learners will
generate their own rubric, guided by the teacher,
based on the quality of standards they desire to
achieve for themselves.The assessment of the
product, performance or demonstration will be
conducted by learners and teachers based upon
their own criteria and performance indicators
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Berterusan
The National Philosophy of Education states that
Education in Malaysia is an on-going effort
towards further developing the potential of
individuals. Therefore, assessment, as part of
the educational process, must be on-going in
nature. To ensure that assessment is an on-going
process, a living certification system will be
introduced. This will be made possible with the
establishment of a Lifetime Database where data
on learners educational accomplishments is
continuously gathered and updated.
The Living Certification system is based on the
belief that given the opportunity , an individual
can improve himself. Therefore certification,
will be a living process whereby the data on
educational accomplishments should be treated as
data that is growing and not final. Learners will
be allowed to improve their grades and the data
will be recorded and updated accordingly through
a patching system.
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Perbezaan
Pentaksiran Bestari
Pentaksiran Sekarang
Berfokuskan Pencapaian
Holistik
Berasaskan Subjek
Berasaskan Elemen
Merujuk Norma
Merujuk Kriteria
Berpusatkan Sistem
Berpusatkan Pelajar
Berpusat
Pelbagai Bentuk
Terminal
Berterusan
Tertumpu Ujian
Panca Instrumen
Off-line
On-line
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Proses Pentaksiran Proses Pensijilan
Proses dalam Pentaksiran Bestari boleh dihuraikan
dalam tajuk berikut
Proses Pentaksiran
Proses Pensijilan
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Proses Pentaksiran
In Smart Assessment, the assessment process
begins at day one of an individuals schooling
period and goes on for life. The assessment
process can be categorized under the
following Assessing readiness Assessing
progress Assessing achievement Assessing aptitude
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Assessment Readiness
Both parents and teachers are key players at this
point as parents will have to provide teachers
with the learners profile regarding his or her
learning styles and capabilities. Based on this
information, a teacher will then administer a
placement test. The information given by
parents will be supplemented with existing data
on the learner, if any, before the placement test
is a administered. The data from this test will
be recorded, results analysed and an appropriate
entry level is then recommended. The school
administration will ensure that a detailed
record of the learners ability and readiness is
kept. Refer to Appendix 4.
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Assessing Progress
The purpose of assessment during the learning
process is to track the learners level of
mastery of the elements. The results of the
assessment will be used to diagnose the strengths
and weaknesses of learners. Assessing progress
will help to ensure that learners have mastered
the skills and knowledge for a particular
learning area before moving on to the next level.
A variety of instruments, both traditional and
alternative, may be used for this purpose. Using
self-generated rubric assessment or checklists,
parents, teachers and learners themselves will
conduct the assessment
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Assessing Achievement
Achievement is assessed in school as well as
centrally. Assessment at school level is
considered as internal assessment and will
generate internal data (Di). Central assessment
is considered as external and will generate
external data (De). The results of the
assessment at both levels ( De and Di) will be
recorded in the Lifetime Database and
consolidated for purposes of certification.
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Proses Pensijilan
Cantum
De
Di
Pentaksiran Sekolah
Pentaksiran Berpusat
Syarat Pensijilan
PATCH
Belum
YA
Laporan
Sijil
Memuaskan
Kepujian
Cemerlang
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The Enablers
The success of Smart Assessment depends on these
Enablers
Polisi
Sistem
Dokumen
Institusi
Teknologi
Faktor Pemboleh
Instrumen
Orang
Prosedur
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Dokumen
Dokumen
Senarai Elemen
Syarat Pensijilan
Dokumen Lain
Spesifikasi Pentaksiran
Kriteria Nasional
Penunjuk Prestasi
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Teknologi
Bank Item Komprehensif
Sustem Penjanaan Ujian
Pentadbiran Pentaksiran Secara On-line
Penskoran dan Analisisan Automatik
Pangkalan Data Sepanjang Hayat
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Bank Item Komprehensif
Enablers Technology
Comprehensive item bank is a database containing
a large number of potential assessment items
which can be used for assessment activities for
all the subjects offered in Malaysian schools.
Each of these assessment items will be coded on
predetermined characteristics and by its
statistical data which shall include data on
academic levels, subjects, content area within
the curriculum framework, learning elements,
assessment criteria, and levels of difficulty.
The item bank operates on the premise that all
the assessment items can be retrieved on demand
for both centralised and school-based
assessment. It contains calibrated and
non-calibrated items.The items in the bank can be
used by teachers, parents, students and
courseware developers. The bank is a place where
teachers can get quality items for their teaching
and learning activities as well as items for
assessment .
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Sistem Penjanaan Ujian
Enablers Technology
This is a system that allows users to create and
print tests from the sets of items stored in the
item bank. The system also allows a quick and
easy way to write, edit and assemble items in
accordance to the test specifications and print
multiple versions of tests.
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Sistem Pentadbiran Pentaksiran On-line
Enablers Technology
The On-line Test Administration System refers to
a system of administering tests on network which
will allow tests to be administered through
networking on a demand basis . It should be able
to support a variety of both traditional and
alternative assessment items as well as
interactive computer tests. This system will
recognize bona fide test-takers, administer
multiple versions of tests on-line as well as
authenticate access to the system. Test-takers
responses will be processed automatically under
the scoring and analysis system.
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Sistem Penskoran dan Penganalisisan Automatik
Enablers Technology
This refers to an automatic method of giving
score to a test-takers responses as well as
analysing the scores to be exported to a
test-takers Lifetime Database. It also provides
immediate scoring and feedback on interactive
tests. This will enable test-takers responses to
be linked with recognized raters. Benchmark
scripts and marking schemes will be made
accessible to raters through networking . This
system will also update item analysis data in the
item bank as well as generate customized
remediation and mastery reports for each student.
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Pangkalan Data Sepanjang Hayat
Enablers Technology
The Central Examinations Agency intends to
monitor learners achievement throughout his or
her educational development. To realize this
intention, a database facility with the
capability to accommodate changes in a learners
data and to store his whole profile has to be
established. Assessment scores are stored for
each learner's profile in this database. The
system will continuously update the scores with
only the best achievement stored in the database.
This system shall be an on-going system which
rapidly retrieves the learner's profile for the
assessment process.
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People
Enablers People
Operators
Courseware Developers
Practitioners
Assessment Workers
Contributors
Policymakers
PEOPLE
Parents
Students
Teachers
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Pekerja Pentaksiran
Orang
To keep Smart Assessment running effectively four
levels of assessment workers are needed
Practitioners They are required to understand,
analyse and interpret assessment data as well as
develop, rate and moderate assessment instruments
as item writers raters moderators item
evaluators
Operators They conduct and administer
assessment activities at school and central
level as invigilators assessment
coordinators administrators
Managers Full-time assessment managers are
required to coordinate assessment activities at
school level which will be conducted on an
on-going basis.
Contributors They are required to design,
research and evaluate assessment practices and
instruments as psychometricians research officers
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Prosedur
Pemboleh
Pelaporan
Pendaftaran
Pensijilan
Prosedur
Pengawasan
Keselamatan
Pemeriksaan
Pentadbiran
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Instrumen
Instrumen
PENCAPAIAN
KEMAJUAN
APTITUD
KESEDIAAN

• Self-generated rubrics
• Criterion-referenced Test
• Performance Test

• Autentik
• Pemerhatian
• Senarai Semak

• multiple intelligence

computer adaptive tests

• scholastic aptitude
• occupational aptitude

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Institusi
Pemboleh

• Sekolah
• Maktab/Institut Perguruan
• Universiti
• Lembaga Peperiksaan
• Majlis Peperiksaan
• Institut Pentaksir
• Pusat-pusat Latihan

Peranan Institusi
Melaksana
Melatih
Menilai
Menatar
Menyelidik
Promote
Memperkenal
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Sistem
The Enablers
Pengenalan
Pentadbiran
Patching
Sistem
Cantuman
Pelaporan
Penyampaian
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Sistem Pengenalan Diri
Sistem
Satu nombor yang unik akan digunakan sebagai
pengenalan seseorang individu pelajar sepanjang
hayatnya. Nombor ini boleh digunakan untuk
menduduki pentaksiran di pelbagai tahap.
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Sistem Pentadbiran
Enablers Systems

• Pentaksiran akan ditadbir berdasarkan individu
  (bukan kumpulan) dengan menggunakan instrumen
  yang dikeluarkan berdasarkan kaedah multiple
  delivery.
• Intrumen akan disampaikan kepada individu yang
  ditaksir menerusi salah satu daripada mod yang
  berikut
• On-line - On-Screen - Interactive
• On-line - On-Screen
• On-line - Off-Screen
• Off-line - Off-Screen

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Sistem Patching
Enablers Systems

• Dalam Sistem Pentaksiran Bestari Pelbagai Jenis
• Patching diamalkan di Pelbagai Peringkat.
• Jenis Patching
• Patching memenuhi keperluan
• Patching memperbaiki
• Peringkat Patching
• Peringkat Kertas
• Peringkat Elemen
• Peringkat Subjek
• Peringkat Sijil

Patching ialah mekanisma yang membolehkan
individu (pelajar) memperbaiki data pentaksirannya
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Sistem Cantuman Data
Enablers Systems
Sistem Hurdle akan digunakan dalam mencantumkan
dua atau lebih kumpulan data pentaksiran yang
datang dari pentaksiran dalaman (Di) dan
pentaksiran luaran (De)
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Sistem Pelaporan
Enablers Systems

• Terdapat dua tahap pelaporan
• Pelaporan tentang pencapaian keseluruhan
• Rekod Pembelajaran Yang

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Sistem Penyampaian
Enablers Systems
Penyampaian intrumen akan dibuat dengan
pendekatan Multiple Delivery Multiple Delivery
merupakan satu pendekatan penyampaian yang
menggunakan instrumen yang tidak terhad
bilangannya, berbeza dari segi item (soalan)
tetapi bertujuan mentaksir elemen yang sama dalam
skop dan tahap yang sama.