Bipedalism

1
0
Bipedalism
2
0
3
0
4
0
Changes in the spine

• Lengthens
• Becomes more s-shaped, moving center of gravity
  forward to help with balance

5
0
6
0
7
0
8
0
9
Changes in the pelvis
0

• Pelvis grew broader
• Developed hip joint and muscles to stabilize
  pelvis

10
0
11
Changes in the femur
0

• Angles inward to allow for support under torso
• Groove in femur keeps knee cap from sliding off

12
0
13
0
14
0
15
0
16
0
Changes in foot

• Muscles from opposable toe realign to become arch
• Arch acts as shock absorber

17
0
18
0
19
0
20
0
Changes in toe

• Loss of opposable toe
• Muscles associated with opposable toe realign
  under foot

21
0