Chapter 4 Cell Structure and Function in Bacteria and Archaea

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Chapter 4 Cell Structure and Function in
Bacteria and Archaea
Cell Size and Cell Basics
Prokaryotic Cell Walls
Cell Potpourri
Prokaryotic Structures
Prokaryotic Movement
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FINAL ROUND
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Topic 1 Cell Size and Cell Basics100 Question

• True or False. A population of spherical cells
  with a diameter of 1 ?m will persist better in a
  nutrient-limiting environment than a population
  of spherical cells with a diameter of 5 ?m.
• a. true
• b. false

ANSWER
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Topic 1 Cell Size and Cell Basics 100 Answer

• True or False. A population of spherical cells
  with a diameter of 1 ?m will persist better in a
  nutrient-limiting environment than a population
  of spherical cells with a diameter of 5 ?m.
• a. true
• b. false

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Topic 1 Cell Size and Cell Basics 200 Question

• Question What is the name of a large sulfur
  bacteria that is nearly visible to the human eye?
• a. Nanobacteria
• b. Escherichia coli
• c. Epulopiscium fishelsoni
• d. Thiomargarita nambiensis

ANSWER
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Topic 1 Cell Size and Cell Basics 200 Answer

• Question What is the name of a large sulfur
  bacteria that is nearly visible to the human eye?
• a. Nanobacteria
• b. Escherichia coli
• c. Epulopiscium fishelsoni
• d. Thiomargarita nambiensis

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Topic 1 Cell Size and Cell Basics300 Question

• Question If you had a cell with the structures
  listed below, what would be the outermost layer
  of this hypothetical cell?
• a. peptidoglycan
• b. LPS
• c. slime layer
• d. cytoplasmic membrane

ANSWER
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Topic 1 Cell Size and Cell Basics 300 Answer

• Question If you had a cell with the structures
  listed below, what would be the outermost layer
  of this hypothetical cell?
• a. peptidoglycan
• b. LPS
• c. slime layer
• d. cytoplasmic membrane

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Topic 1 Cell Size and Cell Basics 400 Question

• Question Gram-negative cells have
  _______________ and gram-positive cells do not.
• a. a periplasm
• b. peptidoglycan
• c. cytoplasmic membrane
• d. tetrapeptide side chains

ANSWER
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Topic 1 Cell Size and Cell Basics 400 Answer

• Question Gram-negative cells have
  _______________ and gram-positive cells do not.
• a. a periplasm
• b. peptidoglycan
• c. cytoplasmic membrane
• d. tetrapeptide side chains

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Topic 1 Cell Size and Cell Basics 500 Question

• Question A mixed culture was Gram stained. The
  gram-negative cells in this picture are
  _______________ shaped.
• a. bacillus
• b. coccus
• c. spirillum
• d. filamentous

ANSWER
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Topic 1 Cell Size and Cell Basics 500 Answer

• Question A mixed culture was Gram stained. The
  gram-negative cells in this picture are
  _______________ shaped.
• a. bacillus
• b. coccus
• c. spirillum
• d. filamentous

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Topic 2 Prokaryotic Cell Walls100 Question

• Question Which type of cell would be affected by
  lysozyme?
• a. a gram-positive bacterial cell
• b. Mycoplasma species
• c. Archaea
• d. all of the above

ANSWER
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Topic 2 Prokaryotic Cell Walls 100 Answer

• Question Which type of cell would be affected by
  lysozyme?
• a. a gram-positive bacterial cell
• b. Mycoplasma species
• c. Archaea
• d. all of the above

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Topic 2 Prokaryotic Cell Walls 200 Question

• Question Which of the following is a function of
  peptidoglycan?
• a. regulation of the passage of nutrients
  into the cytoplasm
• b. creation of a gradient of protons
  (proton motive force)
• c. prevention of cell lysis
• d. breakdown of nutrients too large to
  transport across the membrane

ANSWER
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Topic 2 Prokaryotic Cell Walls 200 Answer

• Question Which of the following is a function of
  peptidoglycan?
• a. regulation of the passage of nutrients
  into the cytoplasm
• b. creation of a gradient of protons
  (proton motive force)
• c. prevention of cell lysis
• d. breakdown of nutrients too large to
  transport across the membrane

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Topic 2 Prokaryotic Cell Walls 300 Question

• Question Approximately what percentage of the
  gram-positive cell wall is composed of
  peptidoglycan?
• a. 10
• b. 50
• c. 90
• d. 100

ANSWER
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Topic 2 Prokaryotic Cell Walls 300 Answer

• Question Approximately what percentage of the
  gram-positive cell wall is composed of
  peptidoglycan?
• a. 10
• b. 50
• c. 90
• d. 100

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Topic 2 Prokaryotic Cell Walls 400 Question

• Question What aspects of the peptidoglycan are
  responsible for its strength?
• a. the beta 1,4-glycosidic bonds and the
  techoic acids
• b. the beta 1,4-glycosidic bonds and the cross
  links that connect the chains of peptidoglycan
• c. the peptide bonds in the tetrapeptide side
  chains and the techoic acids
• d. the ester linked phosphlipids

ANSWER
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Topic 2 Prokaryotic Cell Walls 400 Answer

• Question What aspects of the peptidoglycan are
  responsible for its strength?
• a. the beta 1,4-glycosidic bonds and the
  techoic acids
• b. the beta 1,4-glycosidic bonds and the cross
  links that connect the chains of peptidoglycan
• c. the peptide bonds in the tetrapeptide side
  chains and the techoic acids
• d. the ester linked phosphlipids

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Topic 2 Prokaryotic Cell Walls 500 Question

• Question Ketodeoxyoctonate (KDO) is a sugar
  found in _______________.
• a. peptidoglycan
• b. capsules
• c. lipopolysaccharide
• d. S layer

ANSWER
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Topic 2 Prokaryotic Cell Walls 500 Answer

• Question Ketodeoxyoctonate (KDO) is a sugar
  found in _______________.
• a. peptidoglycan
• b. capsules
• c. lipopolysaccharide
• d. S layer

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Topic 3 Cell Potpourri 100 Question

• Question What portion of the gram-negative cell
  wall is toxic?
• a. peptidoglycan
• b. O-polysaccharide
• c. phospholipid
• d. lipid A

ANSWER
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Topic 3 Cell Potpourri 100 Answer

• Question What portion of the gram-negative cell
  wall is toxic?
• a. peptidoglycan
• b. O-polysaccharide
• c. phospholipid
• d. lipid A

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Topic 3 Cell Potpourri 200 Question

• Question The energy source used by lac permease
  to transport lactose across the plasma membrane
  is _______________.
• a. ATP
• b. a phosphorylated substrate
• c. proton motive force
• d. photons from sunlight

ANSWER
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Topic 3 Cell Potpourri 200 Answer

• Question The energy source used by lac permease
  to transport lactose across the plasma membrane
  is _______________.
• a. ATP
• b. a phosphorylated substrate
• c. proton motive force
• d. photons from sunlight

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Topic 3 Cell Potpourri 300 Question

• Question Which transport system is characterized
  as having transport proteins with extremely high
  substrate affinity?
• a. the ATP binding cassette transport system
• b. lac permease system
• c. phosphotransferase (group translocation)
• d. translocase system

ANSWER
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Topic 3 Cell Potpourri 300 Answer

• Question Which transport system is characterized
  as having transport proteins with extremely high
  substrate affinity?
• a. the ATP binding cassette transport system
• b. lac permease system
• c. phosphotransferase (group translocation)
• d. translocase system

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Topic 3 Cell Potpourri 400 Question

• Question A similarity between pseudomurein and
  peptidoglycan includes _______________?
• a. beta-1,3 glycosidic bond
• b. N-acetylglucosamine
• c. presence of only L stereoisomer amino acids
  
• d. LPS

ANSWER
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Topic 3 Cell Potpourri 400 Answer

• Question A similarity between pseudomurein and
  peptidoglycan includes _______________?
• a. beta-1,3 glycosidic bond
• b. N-acetylglucosamine
• c. presence of only L stereoisomer amino acids
  
• d. LPS

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Topic 3 Cell Potpourri 500 Question

• Question Gram-positive cells cannot store sulfur
  granules because _______________.
• a. gram-positive bacteria lack a periplasm
• b. the sulfur granules cannot pass through the
  peptidoglycan of a gram-positive bacterium
• c. gram-positive cells are too small
• d. they dont transport sulfur into the cell

ANSWER
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Topic 3 Cell Potpourri 500 Answer

• Question Gram-positive cells cannot store sulfur
  granules because _______________.
• a. gram-positive bacteria lack a periplasm
• b. the sulfur granules cannot pass through the
  peptidoglycan of a gram-positive bacterium
• c. gram-positive cells are too small
• d. they dont transport sulfur into the cell

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Topic 4 Prokaryotic Structures 100 Question

• Question A slime layer or capsule helps a cell
  to _______________.
• a. prevent osmotic lysis
• b. transport nutrients
• c. disperse in a liquid environment
• d. make a biofilm

ANSWER
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Topic 4 Prokaryotic Structures 100 Answer

• Question A slime layer or capsule helps a cell
  to _______________.
• a. prevent osmotic lysis
• b. transport nutrients
• c. disperse in a liquid environment
• d. make a biofilm

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Topic 4 Prokaryotic Structures 200 Question

• Question The structure labeled A is a
  _______________?
• a. flagella
• b. fimbriae
• c. pilus
• d. capsule

A
ANSWER
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Topic 4 Prokaryotic Structures 200 Answer

• Question The structure labeled A is a
  _______________?
• a. flagella
• b. fimbriae
• c. pilus
• d. capsule

A
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Topic 4 Prokaryotic Structures 300 Question

• Question Sporulation in endopore-forming
  bacteria occurs when _______________?
• a. a key nutrient used by the organism becomes
  depleted
• b. the organism experiences elevated
  temperature
• c. the organism is exposed to antibiotics
• d. the environment surrounding the organism
  becomes very moist

ANSWER
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Topic 4 Prokaryotic Structures 300 Answer

• Question Sporulation in endopore-forming
  bacteria occurs when _______________?
• a. a key nutrient used by the organism becomes
  depleted
• b. the organism experiences elevated
  temperature
• c. the organism is exposed to antibiotics
• d. the environment surrounding the organism
  becomes very moist

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Topic 4 Prokaryotic Structures 400 Question

• Question Which is a common genus of bacteria
  that forms endospores?
• a. Escherichia
• b. Staphylococcus
• c. Clostridium
• d. Streptococcus

ANSWER
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Topic 4 Prokaryotic Structures 400 Answer

• Question Which is a common genus of bacteria
  that forms endospores?
• a. Escherichia
• b. Staphylococcus
• c. Clostridium
• d. Streptococcus

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Topic 4 Prokaryotic Structures 500 Question

• Question Which of the following is true about
  SASPs?
• a. they are acid soluble
• b. they can be used as an energy source
• c. they help protect DNA from UV light
• d. all of the above

ANSWER
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Topic 4 Prokaryotic Structures 500 Answer

• Question Which of the following is true about
  SASPs?
• a. they are acid soluble
• b. they can be used as an energy source
• c. they help protect DNA from UV light
• d. all of the above

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Topic 5 Prokaryotic Movement100 Question

• Question Which portion of the flagella is
  responsible for changing the direction of its
  rotation?
• a. mot proteins
• b. l-ring
• c. flagellin
• d. fli proteins

ANSWER
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Topic 5 Prokaryotic Movement 100 Answer

• Question Which portion of the flagella is
  responsible for changing the direction of its
  rotation?
• a. mot proteins
• b. l-ring
• c. flagellin
• d. fli proteins

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Topic 5 Prokaryotic Movement 200 Question

• Question What happens when a motile cell with a
  chemotactic response senses a higher
  concentration of an attractant?
• a. its flagella spins faster
• b. the tumbles become less frequent
• c. the flagella switches the direction of
  rotation
• d. the tumbles become more frequent

ANSWER
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Topic 5 Prokaryotic Movement 200 Answer

• Question What happens when a motile cell with a
  chemotactic response senses a higher
  concentration of an attractant?
• a. its flagella spins faster
• b. the tumbles become less frequent
• c. the flagella switches the direction of
  rotation
• d. the tumbles become more frequent

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Topic 5 Prokaryotic Movement 300 Question

• Question Aerotaxis refers to the movement toward
  or away from _______________.
• a. salt
• b. sugar
• c. oxygen
• d. water

ANSWER
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Topic 5 Prokaryotic Movement 300 Answer

• Question Aerotaxis refers to the movement toward
  or away from _______________.
• a. salt
• b. sugar
• c. oxygen
• d. water

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Topic 5 Prokaryotic Movement 400 Question

• Question Which of the following uses gliding
  motility?
• a. Escherichia coli
• b. Cyanobacteria
• c. Rhodospirillum
• d. Pseudomonas

ANSWER
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Topic 5 Prokaryotic Movement 400 Answer

• Question Which of the following uses gliding
  motility?
• a. Escherichia coli
• b. Cyanobacteria
• c. Rhodospirillum
• d. Pseudomonas

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Topic 5 Prokaryotic Movement 500 Question

• Question Which structure confers buoyancy on a
  cell and allows it to float up and down in a
  water column?
• a. flagella
• b. magnetosome
• c. polyphosphate
• d. gas vesicle

ANSWER
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Topic 5 Prokaryotic Movement 500 Answer

• Question Which structure confers buoyancy on a
  cell and allows it to float up and down in a
  water column?
• a. flagella
• b. magnetosome
• c. polyphosphate
• d. gas vesicle

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FINAL ROUND Question

• Question Microbiologists have evidence for how
  long an endopore can survive. Based on this
  evidence, how long can an endospore survive?
  (Microbial Sidebar Question)
• a. About 10 years
• b. About 30 years
• c. Over 30 years
• d. Less than 10 years

ANSWER
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53
FINAL ROUND Answer

• Question Microbiologists have evidence for how
  long an endopore can survive. Based on this
  evidence, how long can an endospore survive?
  (Microbial Sidebar Question)
• a. About 10 years
• b. About 30 years
• c. Over 30 years
• d. Less than 10 years

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