CAP: introduction

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CAP introduction
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What emergency in 1991 was the catalyst for the
creation of the Consolidated Appeals Process?

• The Kurdish Refugee Crisis
• WHY
• massive refugee influx
• uncoordinated response
• chaos

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General Assembly Resolution 46/182, December 1991

• Strengthening the coordination of humanitarian
  emergency assistance of the United Nations by
• Creation of the Emergency Relief Coordinator
  (ERC)
• Inter-agency Standing Committee (IASC)
• Consolidated Appeal
• Central Emergency Revolving Fund (CERF)

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GA Resolution 46/182
For emergencies requiring a consolidated
response, the Secretary-General should ensure
that an initial Consolidated Appeal covering all
concerned organisations of the system, prepared
in consultation with the affected State, is
issued within the shortest possible time
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IASC Membership
Comprised of the Executive Heads of the following
organisations. Chaired by the ERC.
FULL MEMBERS UNICEF UNDP FAO WFP WHO UNHCR OCHA U
NFPA
STANDING INVITEES ICRC IFRC IOM NGO Consortia
SCHR, ICVA, InterAction RSG for IDPs OHCRC World
Bank
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IASC Definition of the CAP (1994)

• A programming process through which national,
  regional and international relief systems are
  able to mobilize and respond to selective major
  or complex emergencies that require a system-wide
  response to humanitarian crisis.

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IASC 2003 The Consolidated Appeals Process an
inclusive, coordinated programme cycle in
emergencies to
Human Rights
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The Common Humanitarian Action Plan the
foundation of the CAP -- a strategic plan for
humanitarian response
CHAP
Human Rights
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(No Transcript)
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If there is a need to change the humanitarian
strategy or funding requirements in a Flash
Appeal, Consolidated Appeal or stand-alone CHAP,
the document is revised. Projects can be revised
at any time.
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Roles and Responsibilities in the CAP
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Role of Humanitarian organisations

• UN Humanitarian Coordinator triggers any
  inter-agency appeal or strategy document leads
  the process in collaboration with IASC Country
  Team consults ERC on the above.
• ERC consults with IASC to ensure coherence
  between field and headquarters and across
  emergencies.
• IASC Country Team mirrors the IASC structure at
  headquarters. All members of the team are
  encouraged to participate in developing the CHAP,
  although some standing invitees (e.g. the Red
  Cross) appeal for funds outside of this framework.

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Who said the CHAP is..
the primary instrument for strategic planing,
prioritisation and co-ordination in complex
emergencies.
-- International Meeting on Good Humanitarian
Donorship, Stockholm, June 2003
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Role of Donors

• Participate in CHAP development
• Adhere to humanitarian principles
• Allocate funding based on assessed needs
• Encourage and support prioritisation
• Commit to greater donor coordination

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Role of OCHA

• Lead
• Advocate
• Facilitate

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Role of Recipient Governments
Humanitarian assistance should be provided with
the consent of the affected country and in
principle on the basis of an appeal by the
affected state. Consolidated Appeals to be
prepared in consultation with the affected
state. GA Resolution 46/182, December 1991
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Role of Recipient Governments
The CA Process will whenever possible be
guided and coordinated by the country or
countries concerned. IASC-endorsed CAP
Guidelines, 1994 GA Resolution 46/182 and IASC
CAP Guidelines are still considered valid
allowing for flexible interpretation on a
country-by-country basis. This helps to ensure
the impartiality of the United Nations and other
IASC partners while at the same time allows for
government input to the process as
appropriate. IASC-WG endorsed Nomenclature
Paper, 2003
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CAP Challenges
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According to need? Overseas Development
Initiative study, 2003

• Humanitarian response often not proportionate and
  appropriate to need
• Assessments biased by agency mandates. Therefore,
  objectivity of assessments questioned and lack of
  trust between agencies and donors
• Need more consistent application of standards
• Severity of situation should be described in
  terms of needs but also of risks anticipated
  needs

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Monitoring in the CAP
Monitoring is one area where a study of the CAP
is like holding a mirror up to the humanitarian
system as a whole. Weak monitoring and impact
assessment are not weaknesses in the CAP, but
much wider weaknesses in the humanitarian system
as a whole, which the CAP reflects. --An
External Review of the CAP, 18 April 2002
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Efforts to improve assessment and monitoring in
CAP

• IASC Needs Analysis Framework
• Revised CAP Technical Guidelines
• Mid-year Review of the CAPs
• Good practice on monitoring DPRK, Angola, North
  Caucasus, oPt.
• Tool for Strategic Monitoring (TBC by IASC CAP
  SWG)

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OCHA Financial Tracking System www.reliefweb.int
/fts

• Tracks donor contributions to both natural
  disasters and complex emergencies covered by a
  CAP
• Updated daily
• Can build custom tables
• Based on information reported to OCHA by agencies
  and donors
• A good indicator of funding but be aware of
  limitations of the data.

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Any Questions?
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IASC Strategy and Appeal Documents what they
are called, what they include, and when to
issue them
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Different Names
Humanitarian Plan of Action for Colombia
Donor Alert Sri Lanka
Humanitarian Strategy FYROM
Humanitarian Action Plan oPt
Humanitarian Situation and Strategy FRY and
Georgia
Different Formats
Consolidated Appeal
CHAP
CHAP Projects
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The framework for IASC appeals

• Covers Day One of an emergency through
  transition
• Used for both complex emergencies and natural
  disasters
• Ensures greater predictability in the names,
  format and timing of documents
• Standardizes guidelines and will use document
  templates to facilitate workload in the field
  and
• Clarifies roles and responsibilities.

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Situation Report
Issued from 48 hours - 2 weeks of emergency
Updated regularly
Rough estimate of resources available and needed
Flash Appeal
Issued 2-4 weeks after emergency
Better coordinated
More comprehensive analysis / resource needs
C H A P
Issued w/i 3-6 mos of emergency, and annually as
needed
Consolidated Appeal
Follows current CA guidelines
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Consolidated Appeal
Year 1
Consolidated Appeal
Consecutive years as needed
Transition Strategy/Appeal (to be agreed
w/UNDG/ECHA WG)