Parts of the Eukaryotic Cell Contd'

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Parts of the Eukaryotic Cell (Contd.)

• pp. 79- 83

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Lysosomes

• Small, spherical organelles that contain
  hydrolytic enzymes within single membranes.
• Common in animals cells rare in plant cells.

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Lysosome (contd.)

• Digests proteins, lipids, carbs., bacteria,
  viruses, and old organelles

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Cytoskeleton

• A structure that helps maintain the cells shape
  and size.
• Microfilaments and microtubules make up the
  cytoskeleton.

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Cilia and Flagella

• Hair-like organelles that extend from the surface
  of the cell aid in movement
• Short/numerous cilia
• Long/less numerous flagella

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Nucleus

• Responsible for most of the cells activities and
  it contains the cells DNA
• Surrounded by a double membrane called the
  nuclear envelope contains nuclear pores.

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Nucleus (contd.)

• Nucleolus is located within the nucleus
  synthesizes ribosomes.

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Plant Cells

• Contain 3 additional kinds of structures that an
  animals cell does not
• Cell walls
• Vacuoles
• Plastids (chloroplasts)

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Cell Wall

• Helps support and protect the plant
• Two types Primary (closest to the outside) and
  Secondary (closest to the cell membrane)

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Cell Wall (contd.)

• Secondary cell wall is tough and woody.

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Vacuoles

• An organelle that stores enzymes and metabolic
  wastes.
• Found only in plant cells
• Can take up 90 of a cells volume

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Plastids

• Surrounded by 2 membranes and contain DNA
• Some store starch or fats others absorb visible
  light.

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Plastids (contd)

• Chloroplast converts sunlight into chemical
  energy in organic compounds (photosynthesis).
• Contains flattened, membranous sacs called
  thylakoids.

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Chloroplasts (contd)

• Photosynthesis occurs in the thylakoids.