CONCEPT OF HEALTH

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CONCEPT OF HEALTH

• Prof. (Brig.) Sunder Lal

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DEFINITIONS

• WHO DEFINITION
• Health is a state of complete Physical, mental
  social well being not merely the absence of
  disease or infirmity.
• Spiritual dimension
• A dynamic state of complete physical, mental
  social spiritual well being not merely the
  absence of disease infirmity.

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VARIOUS ERAS FOCUS

• lt 1850 Symptoms
• 1850-1900 Bacteria/Disease
• 1900-1950 Individual Health
• 1950-1977 Community Health
• 1977-2000
• beyond Health for all (Global)

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HEALTH DIMENSIONS

• Physical well being
• Mental well being
• Social well being
• Spiritual well being focuses on self,
  consciousness, intuition.

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RESPONSIBILTY OF HEALTH

• Individual Family
• Community
• Government- NGOs

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HEALTH FOR ALL

• Goal- HEALTH
• Attainment of Level
• Through P.H.C
• Health as part of total development

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DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH

• National rural health mission
• Environment
• Behaviour
• Health Services
• Heredity

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DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH
HEREDITY
ENVIRONMENT Physical, Social, Biological man
made
HEALTH SERVICES Promotive, preventive, curative
rehabilitative
HEALTH
BEHAVIOUR ?Actions ?Habits ?Reactions ?Belief,
attitudes ?Practices (lifestyles)
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HEALTH TRIAD
HOST
AGENT
ENVIRONMENT
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SANITATION COVERAGE (rural areas)
Country
Sanitation coverage () China
44
India
36 Iraq
80
Pakistan
54 Sri Lanka
91 World
58
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MEASUREMENT OF HEALTH

• INDIVIDUAL
• COMMUNITY
• Water- protected/ improved
• Sanitation
• Housing
• Sex ratio
• Literacy
• Longetivity
• Economics per capita

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INDICATORS OF HEALTH

• POSITIVE INDICATORS
• Gross National Income
• Gross domestic product
• Life expectancy
• Literacy levels
• population with improved water source
• Population having using toilets
• Balanced sex ratio
• Safe deliveries
• Access to health services
• Health policies

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INDICATORS OF HEALTH

• NEGATIVE INDICATORS
• Mortality rates
• Infant mortality
• Maternal mortality
• Under five mortality
• Low birth weight
• Population below poverty line
• Adults HIV prevalence
• Disease burden

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HEALTH POLICY INDICATORS

• of GDP for health
• User charges
• Public private partnership
• Public health standards
• Decentralization of management
• Social insurance
• Population policy
• Essential drugs

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INDICATORS FOR QUALITY OF LIFE

• Gross national product / GNI/ Capita
• GNI per annum per person- 720
• Physical quality of life
• Human development index

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HOW TO ACHIEVE GOAL OF HEALTH

• Education
• Provide health services
• Legislation