Acids and Bases

1
Acids and Bases
2
Non-technical description
3
Definitions

• Acid Compound with H in its molecular formula
  and dissociates in water to yield H3O
• OR Compound which donates a proton
• Base Compound with OH in its molecular formula
  and dissociates in water to yield OH
• OR Compound which accepts a proton

4
Ka and Acid Strength

• What does it mean when Ka is large?

Large Ka high H3O strong acid
5
Ka and Acid Strength

• What does it mean when Ka is small?

Small Ka low H3O weak acid
6
Common Strong Acids and Bases
7
Ka for some Monoprotic Acids
8
Autoionization of Water

• One water molecule can react with another
  molecule of water.

9
pH Scale
http//pearl.maine.edu/windows/community/Water_Ed/
pH/pH_whatisit.htm
10
Problem 18.22

• Which solution has the higher pH? Explain
• A. A 0.1 M solution of an acid with Ka10-4 or
  one with a Ka4.0 x 10-5?
• B. A 0.1 M solution of an acid with pKa3.0 or
  one with pKa3.5?
• D. A 0.1 M solution of a weak acid or a 0.1M
  solution of a strong acid?
• E. A 0.1 M solution of an acid of a 0.1M solution
  of a base?
• F. A solution of pOH 6.0 or one of pOH 8.0?