Catch the Wave

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Catch the Wave
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TAKS Objective 4

• The student will demonstrate an understanding of
  motion, forces, and energy.

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TEKS 8.7 Science Concepts

• The student knows that there is a relationship
  between force and motion. The student is expected
  to
• B. recognize that waves are generated and can
  travel through different media.

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Lesson Objectives

• The learner will be able to differentiate between
  the motion of the wave and the motion of the
  matter carrying the wave.
• The learner will identify waves that require a
  medium to move through and waves that travel
  through empty space.
• The learner will demonstrate that waves carry
  energy.

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Lesson Objectives

• Students will generate waves that pass through
  different media.
• The student will demonstrate that a wave moves
  forward while the material through which it
  passes is displace only slightly and momentarily.
• Students will measure wave properties.

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Background

• What is a wave?
• A disturbance in which energy is transferred
  without causing any permanent displacement of the
  medium (e.g., air, water, earth, empty space).

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How do Waves Move?

• Longitudinal- (e.g., Compression waves)
• Energy moves parallel to medium
• Sound waves, dominos, some earthquake
• Transverse- (e.g., S waves)
• energy moves perpendicular (right angles) to
  medium
• Electromagnetic, some earthquake

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Major Wave Types

• Electromagnetic- produced by the vibration of
  electrons within atoms on the Sun's surface.
• Does not require particles to transfer energy
• Usually transverse (S) waves

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• Mechanical- must have a medium to transfer energy
• Need particles to interact to transfer energy
• Compression (sound), surface (water), both
  compression transverse (earthquakes)

http//www.glendale-h.schools.nsw.edu.au/faculty_p
ages/ind_arts_web/bridgeweb/commentary.htm
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Sound Waves
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Ocean Waves
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Earthquake (Seismic) Waves
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How Are Waves Made?

• All waves are made by vibrations
• Sound- vibrate matter
• need molecules to vibrate so, no sounds in space

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• Ocean waves are produced by wind and the
  gravitational pull of moon produces ocean tides.

http//www.physicalgeography.net/fundamentals/8r.h
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• Electromagnetic waves- electric field and
  magnetic fields combine
• DONT need molecules - travels through empty space

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Electromagnetic Waves

• Radio, radar, microwaves, infrared, visible
  light, ultraviolet, xray, gamma

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Redheaded Martians Invade Venus Using Xrays
Gamma rays
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Where do Electromagnetic waves come from?

• Radio - sound and video of television is carried
  by shorter radio waves (wavelengths lt 1 meter),
  and are modulated for broadcast much like FM
  radio. Radio waves are also produced by stars in
  distant galaxies.
• Microwaves - Microwaves radar are high
  frequency radio waves and are emitted by the
  Earth, buildings, cars, planes, and other large
  objects. In addition, low-level microwave
  radiation permeates space, where it is speculated
  to have been released by the "Big Bang" during
  creation of the universe.

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• Infrared - Almost all objects emit infrared rays,
  depending on the temperature of the object.
• Visible light -  White light originates from a
  variety of natural and artificial sources,
  including the sun, chemical reactions (fire),
  incandescent tungsten filaments, and fluorescent
  lamps (ROYGBIV)
• UV - The sun is a constant source of ultraviolet
  radiation. Stars and other hot celestial objects
  in outer space emit ultraviolet radiation.

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• X-rays - Medical tools and hot gases in outer
  space emit X-rays
• gamma - radioactive materials (natural and
  artificial) but also originate from nuclear
  explosions and a variety of sources in outer
  space. They also originate from the hottest
  regions of the universe including supernova
  explosions, neutron stars, pulsars, and black
  holes.

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Misconceptions

• True or False?
• When a wave moves, the medium flows with the wave

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Answer Answer False The medium moves very
little - waves just transfer energy, not matter
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True or False Radio waves are sound waves

• True or False?
• Radio waves are
• sound waves

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• Answer False
• Equipment in the radio converts electromagnetic
  energy into sound waves
• (XM radio is FM radio
• broadcast from satellites)

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• True or False
• There is sound in the
• vacuum of space

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• Answer False
• Sound requires matter
• to vibrate

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Chapter Activities

• A variety of experiences with waves are designed
  to introduce students to waves. Students will
  generate and study waves traveling through many
  different types of medium.

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Engage

• Cheerleader
• Poof- demo

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Explore

• Complete the falling like dominos learning
  experience.

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Explain

• Was energy transferred?
• 2. Did we significantly change the position of
  the dominos?

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Elaborate

• I Can Hear You (telephone)
• Making Waves
• You Light Up My Life

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Evaluate

• Create an illustrated poem (cinquain, haiku,
  limerick) for each type of wave.