The Effect of ShortChain Fatty Acids on Some Haemostatic Risk Markers of Coronary Heart Disease in W

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The Effect of Short-Chain Fatty Acids on Some
Haemostatic Risk Markers of Coronary Heart
Disease in Westernised African Men

• LF Mogongoa1, FJ Veldman2 CE Brand2
• 1Department Haematology and Cell Biology, NHLS
  and 2CUT Free State, Bloemfontein

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Introduction

• Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) and Cerebrovascular
  Diseases (CVD)
• Incidence
• Westernised African men
• Urbanisation
• Dietary habits

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• Intake of dietary fiber beneficial to health
• Studies have shown effects on
• Lipid metabolism decreases in total cholesterol,
  increases in HDL-C, etc.
• Carbohydrate metabolism improved insulin
  sensitivity
• Haemostasis fibrinolytic potential of blood,
  fVII, etc.
• HOWEVER results concerning fibrinogen are
  CONTROVERSIAL

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• Short chain fatty acids
• Products of bacterial fiber fermentation
• In large gut of humans
• Acetate, propionate and butyrate
• Some SCFAs are absorbed and have known
  physiological effects

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• Risk markers for CHD and CVD
• Lipid markers
• Haemostatic risk markers

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Motivation

• Different fibres - different effects
• Factor VII, I, network structure
• Cholesterol
• Limited results
• High rates of Urbanization in Free State Province
• Change in diet and other health indicators
  (exercise, smoking, etc.)

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Aim

• To determine the effect of different SCFA ratios
  on haemostatic risk markers in westernised
  African men

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Materials and Methods

• Study population
• Males who met the inclusion criteria
• Supplementation (15 g dietary fiber)
• Placebo Indigestible cellulose
• Group 2 50 Acetate 50 Propionate
• Group 3 70 Acetate 15 Propionate 15
  butyrate

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Materials and Methods

• Supplement Digestible Capsule
• Orally taken 3x/day
• Measurements
• -anthropometry
• -biochemical risk profiles
• -food intake
• -demographic background

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Study Design

• Double-blind placebo-controlled randomised
  clinical trial
• 60 subjects (n20/group)
• Run in phase (1 week)
• Supplementation (2 weeks)
• Supplementation(2 weeks)
• Wash out (1 week)

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Materials and methods

• Coagulation
• Factor VII, VIII, fibrinogen, fibrin monomers,
  ATIII
• Fibrin network architecture
• Compaction, mass-length ratio, network lysis
  rate
• Chemistry
• LDL, HDL, Acetate, triglycerides NEFA

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Results and discussion (Placebo)
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Results and discussionGroup 2(50
acetate/50propionate)
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Results and discussion (70acetate/15propionate/
15butyrate)
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Conclusion

• Both supplements had beneficial effects on risk
  profiles of the subjects
• However, it is suspected that the mechanisms
  through which the two different supplements act
  are not the same and that they have different
  effects on different risk markers

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Conclusion

• SCFA has an effect on metabolic risk markers in
  westernised Black men (both haemostatic and lipid
  markers)
• The contribution of each SCFA need clarification
• Further development of supplement
• Question that is unanswered?