Title: The Digestion System
1The Digestion System
- Ch 38-2 Guide
- Mechanical
- Chemical Breakdown
- Of Food for energy
2I 1) Mouth
- Mechanically breaks up food
- Chemically digests
- Carbohydrates
- Basic pH
- Enzyme amylase from salivary glands
- Wets forms bolus
3Esophagus
- Bolus movement to stomach by peristalsis
- (see video)
42. Stomach
- Mechanically churns
- Stores food
- Chemically digests
- Acid pH
- Proteins
- Enzyme Pepsin
-
- Mucus Lining prevents digestion of itself !
53. Small Intestine
- Absorption
- of food
- Digestion of
- Lipids (fats)
- Carbohydrates
- Uses Lipase Amylase from the pancreas
64. Large Intestine
- Absorbs water vitamins
- No Digestion
- Eliminates wastes
7Barium Enema window to the intestines
85. Salivary Glands
- Makes the salivary juices
- Contains amylase enzymes
- Basic pH
- For the digestion of carbohydrates
96 Liver. Makes bile Stores sugar as glycogen
No food passes through the liver No digestion
takes place in the liver
Gall Bladder stores bile
107.Gall Bladder Stores bile made by the liver
- Bile emulsifies fats
- Makes them water soluble
- In small intestine
No food passes through the gall bladder No
digestion takes place in the gall bladder
11Carters Little Liver Pills cureall
- Liver also cleanses the blood
- Carters pills claimed to cure constipation,
headaches, skin problems???
128.Pancreas makes digestive juicesEnzymes
Acids or bases
No Digestion in the Pancreas ! No food passes
through here
139. Appendix vestigial organ
14Types of Digestion
- Intracellular
- Inside a cell
- Food vacuoles
- Small particles
- Examples
- Amoeba, Paramecium
- Extracellular
- In a sack or tube
- Larger food
- Then absorbed into a cell
- Humans
15Digestion Products
- Proteins
- Carbo-hydrates
- Lipids
- Amino acids subunits
- Muscle,enzymes,Hb
- Last use for food
- Simple sugar (glucose)
- Quick energy food
- 1st used
- Fatty acids glycerol
- Long term food, insulation,protection
- 2nd used for food
16Digestion
- Is
- Breaking down food
- physically chemically
- For
- The purpose of distributing small water soluble
particles to the cells for energy
17Homeostasis
- Maintaining balance
- homosame
- stasisstate
- By constant adjustments
- For survival
18pH Proper acid or base levels
- Basic gt 7
- Digestion of carbohydrates
- lipids
- Acidic lt 7
- Digestion of proteins in the stomach
pH 2 7 8 1 0 12
19Properties of Enzymes
- Proteins
- Catalysts
- Speed reactions
- Work fast
- Denature at high temp
20Enzyme-Substrate complex
Active site where the substrate ( reaction
molecule) connects to enzyme
Active Site
Substrate
Enzyme
21Lock Key Model
- One enzyme
- for every substrate
- unique fit
Substrate
Enzyme
22Enzymes are pH specific
- Different enzymes
- Different body areas
- Different optimum pH
- Stomach acid pH
- Uses PEPSIN
- Mouth basic pH
- Uses AMYLASE
Blood
Mouth
Stomach
23Bile Made in Liver Stored in Gall Bladder
- Emulsifies fats
- Makes them water soluble
- In small intestine
24Villi Small intestine absorb food
Many finger-like villi maximize surface area
258.Peristalsis
- Contractions of the Digestive system
- Moves food down
- Controlled by the autonomic nervous system
26Control of Digestion by the Nervous System