FIGURE 14'1: Methane: Lewis Structure and Tetrahedral Molecular Geometry

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FIGURE 14.1 Methane Lewis Structureand
Tetrahedral Molecular Geometry
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FIGURE 14.2 ValenceOrbitals on Free C Atom
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FIGURE 14.3 Formation of sp3 Orbitals
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FIGURE 14.4 Cross Sectionof an sp3 Orbital
Generated from a program by Robert Allendoerfer
on Project SERAPHIM disk PC 2402 reprinted with
permission.
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FIGURE 14.5 Energy-Level Diagram Showing
Formation of 4 sp4 Orbitals
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FIGURE 14.6 SharingOrbitals to Form CH4
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FIGURE 14.7 N Atom inAmmonia is sp3 Hybridized
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FIGURE 14.8 Hybridizationto Form sp2 Orbitals
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Energy-Level Diagramfor sp3 Hybridization
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FIGURE 14.10 Combination of One s and Two p
Orbitals to Form Three sp2 Orbitals
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FIGURE 14.11 SigmaBonds in Ethylene
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FIGURE 14.12 C-C Bond Consistsof One Sigma and
One Pi Bond
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FIGURE 14.13 (a) Orbitals Used to Form Bondsin
Ethylene, (b) Lewis Structure for Ethylene
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FIGURE 14.14 Two sp Orbitalsin a Linear
Arrangement Formed byHybridization of One s and
One p Orbital
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FIGURE 14.15 Hybrid Orbitals in CO2
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FIGURE 14.16 Energy-Level Diagram for Formation
of sp Hybrid Orbitals of C
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FIGURE 14.17 Orbitals of sp Hybridized C Atom
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FIGURE 14.18 Orbital Arrangementof sp2
Hybridized O Atom
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FIGURE 14.19 (a) Orbitals Predicted by LEModel
for CO2 Bonds, (b) Lewis Structure for CO2
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FIGURE 14.20 (a) sp HybridizedN Atom, (b) Sigma
Bonds in N2,(c) Pi Bonds in N2, (d) Total
Bonding in N2
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FIGURE 14.21 dsp3 HybridOrbitals on P Atom
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FIGURE 14.22 Orbitals Usedto Form Bonds in PCl5
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FIGURE 14.23 Octahedral Setof d2sp3 Orbitals on
S Atom
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Bonding in XeF4
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FIGURE 14.24 Effective Pairs, Their Spatial
Arrangement, and Required Hybridization
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Bond Arrangement in CO
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Bond Arrangement in BF4-
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Bond Arrangement in XeF2
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FIGURE 14.25 Combinationof H 1s Atomic Orbitals
to Form MOs.
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FIGURE 14.26 (a) MO Energy-Level Diagram for H2,
(b) Shapes of MOs
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FIGURE 14.27 Bonding and Antibonding MOs
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FIGURE 14.28MO Energy-Level Diagram for H2
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FIGURE 14.29MO Energy-Level Diagram for He2
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FIGURE 14.30MO Energy-Level Diagram for He2 Ion
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FIGURE 14.31MO Energy-Level Diagram for H2 Ion
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FIGURE 14.32MO Energy-Level Diagram for H2- Ion
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FIGURE 14.33 Relative Sizesof Li 1s and 2s
Atomic Orbitals
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FIGURE 14.34MO Energy-Level Diagram for Li2
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FIGURE 14.35 Three Mutually Perpendicular 2p
Orbitals on Boron
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FIGURE 14.36 Sigma Bonding and Antibonding
Orbitals on Boron
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FIGURE 14.37 Expected MO Energy-Level Diagram
for the Combination of the 2p Orbitals on Boron
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FIGURE 14.38 Expected MOEnergy-Level Diagram
for B2
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FIGURE 14.40 Correct MOEnergy-Level Diagram for
B2
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FIGURE 14.41 MO Energy-LevelDiagrams, Bond
Orders, Bond Energies,and Bond Lengths for
Diatomic Molecules B2 to F2
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FIGURE 14.43 MO Energy-Level Diagram for NO
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FIGURE 14.44 MO Energy-Level Diagram for NO and
CN- Ions
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FIGURE 14.45 Partial MOEnergy-Level Diagram for
HF
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FIGURE 14.46 Electron Probability Distribution
in the Bonding MO of HF