Disparities in Access to Higher Education in India

1
Disparities in Access to Higher Education in India

• Ravi Srivastava
• Jawaharlal Nehru University
• National Commission for Unorganised Enterprises

2
Objectives

• We explore disparities in access in higher
  education using three educational variables
  GER, NER and EER.
• Disparities are explored across rural-urban
  areas, states, gender, social groups,
  socio-religious groups economic groups.
• We also examine disparities across education
  streams.
• The educational pyramid across grades/age groups
  is analysed as one explanation of the picture in
  higher education.

3
HIGHER EDUCATION IN INDIA (18 22 Age Group),
2004 - 2005
Computed using NSS unit level data 61st Round on
Employment - Unemployment, 2004 - 2005 and
adjusted for census population.
4
GROSS ENROLLMENT RATIO OF ALL GRADUATES ABOVE
(18 22 Age Group), 2004 - 2005
5
NET ENROLLMENT RATE OF ALL GRADUATES ABOVE
(18 22 Age Group), 2004 - 2005
6
GER ALL GRADUATES ABOVE (18-22 Years) IN MAJOR
STATES
Computed using NSS unit level data 61st Round on
Employment - Unemployment, 2004 - 2005 and
adjusted for census population.
7
ENROLLMENT RATE OF ELIGIBLE STUDENTS TO HIGHER
EDUCATION (18-22 Years) IN MAJOR STATES
Computed using NSS unit level data 61st Round on
Employment - Unemployment, 2004 - 2005 and
adjusted for census population.
8
GER ALL GRADUATES ABOVE (18-22 Years) ACROSS
SOCIAL GROUPS
9
GER ALL GRADUATES ABOVE (18-22 Years) ACROSS
SOCIO RELIGIOUS GROUPS
Computed using NSS unit level data 61st Round on
Employment - Unemployment, 2004 - 2005 and
adjusted for census population.
10
ENROLLMENT RATE OF ELIGIBLE STUDENTS TO HIGHER
EDUCATION (18-22) ACROSS SOCIO - RELIGIOUS GROUPS
Computed using NSS unit level data 61st Round on
Employment - Unemployment, 2004 - 2005 and
adjusted for census population.
11
GER ALL GRADUATES ABOVE (18-22 Years) BY
QUINTILE GROUPS
12
ENROLLMENT RATE OF ELIGIBLE STUDENTS TO HIGHER
EDUCATION (18-22) BY QUINTILE GROUPS
13
Education Pyramid 1 CURRENTLY ATTENDING BY
SOCIAL GROUPS AND GRADE (ALL AGES)
Computed using NSS unit level data 61st Round on
Employment - Unemployment, 2004 - 2005 and
adjusted for census population.
14
Education Pyramid 2 CURRENTLY ATTENDING STUDENTS
BY SOCIAL RELIGIOUS GROUPS AND GRADE
Computed using NSS unit level data 61st Round on
Employment - Unemployment, 2004 - 2005 and
adjusted for census population.
15
Ediucation Pyramid 3 CURRENTLY ATTENDING
STUDENTS BY SOCIAL GROUP AND AGE GROUP
Computed using NSS unit level data 61st Round on
Employment - Unemployment, 2004 - 2005 and
adjusted for census population.
16
Education Pyramid 4 CURRENTLY ATTENDING STUDENTS
BY SOCIO-RELIGIOUS AND AGE GROUP
Computed using NSS unit level data 61st Round on
Employment - Unemployment, 2004 - 2005 and
adjusted for census population.
17
CURRENTLY ATTENDING STUDENTS BY STREAM (Among
Graduates Above)
Computed using NSS unit level data 61st Round on
Employment - Unemployment, 2004 - 2005 and
adjusted for census population.
18
CURRENTLY ATTENDING STUDENTS BY SOCIAL GROUP AND
STREAM (Among Graduates Above)
Computed using NSS unit level data 61st Round on
Employment - Unemployment, 2004 - 2005 and
adjusted for census population.
19
STUDENTS IN DIFFERENT QUINTILE GROUPS (Higher
Education All Ages), 1995 - 1996
Computed using NSS unit level data 52nd Round on
Attending Educational Institutions in India, 1995
1996.