Matter anything that has mass and takes up space' The stuff something is made of'

1
Unit 1 Notes

• Matter anything that has mass and takes up
  space. The stuff something is made of.

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Types of matter

• solid molecules are close together and jiggle
  in place definite shape and volume
• liquid molecules are farther apart and move
  faster definite volume, not shape (takes the
  shape of its container)
• gas molecules are very far apart and move a
  lot no definite shape or volume (fills up
  container/entire space available)

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• Mass (M) the amount of matter in an object.
• Mass is independent of the amount of gravity.
• To measure mass use a balance or scale.

Units kilograms (kg) grams (g) milligrams
(mg)
4

• Weight measure of the pull of gravity on an
  object (mass x gravity). Weight changes from
  place to place because the pull of gravity is not
  the same everywhere.

Example An astronaut weighs more on earth than
on the moon but his/her mass is the same.

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• Volume (V) amount of space matter takes up.

To find the volume of a liquid Use a graduated
cylinder.
Units liters (L), milliliters (mL)
Read at eye level when the graduated cylinder is
resting on a level surface.
Meniscus curved surface of a liquid in a
graduated cylinder
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To find the volume of a regular solid Use a ruler
to find the dimensions and apply the formula.
Rectangular Prism Formula l x w x h
V Units cm x cm x cm cm3
Cylinder Formula pr2 x h V Units cm2 x cm
cm3
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• Volume of an irregular (oddly shaped) solid
• Use a method called displacement, the amount of
  water an object replaces.

1 mL 1 cm3
Units cm3 (solid is measured in cm3 even
though the displaced water is in mL)
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• Density (D) mass per unit volume of a
  substance.
• Formula
• Units g / mL g/mL
• g / cm3 g/cm3

Density is a characteristic property. It can be
used to identify a substance using a table of
accepted values.