BOILER TRAINING

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• BOILER TRAINING
• Mr. Customer Site specific

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Plant Cost Factorsper 1000 lbs. Steam
Fuel 74.9
Labor 10.0
Equip Deprec 9.8
Chemicals 0.5
Electricity 2.5
Water 0.8
Sewer 1.5
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Firetube Boiler
Water rises near the tubes and falls along boiler
walls
Heat
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WATER TUBE BOILER
Steam
Steam Drum
Risers
Risers
FIRE BOX
Downcomers
Mud Drum
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Water and its Impurities

• pH 8.0
• M Alkalinity 100 ppm
• Chlorides 12 ppm
• Calcium 75 ppm
• Magnesium 30 ppm
• Total Hardness 105 ppm
• Phosphate .1 ppm
• Silica 5 ppm
• Iron .05 ppm
• Conductivity 230 mmhos

H O
2
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Typical Boiler System
Condensate Lost
Condensate Returned
Deaerator
Process
FW pump
Steam

Boiler
Softeners
Blowdown
Makeup
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Softeners (Sodium Zeolite)
Deaerator
FW pump

Softeners
Makeup
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Softener Service Cycle
Hard
105 ppm hardness
Soft
0 ppm hardness
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How It Works?
Water Drop
Resin Bead
Ca
Mg
Ca
Na
Mg
Na
Na
Na
Na
Na
Na
Resin Bead
Water Drop
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Softener Backwash Cycle
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Softener Brining Cycle
salt solution
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Softener Slow Rinse Cycle
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Softener Fast Rinse Cycle
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Softener Service Cycle
Hard
Soft
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Deaeration
Deaerator
FW pump

Softeners
Makeup
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Deaeration
DEAERATING SECTION
STORAGE SECTION
5psig 222 F
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Deaeration
TRAYS
STORAGE SECTION
5psig 222 F
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Deaeration
Steam Inlet
STORAGE SECTION
5psig 222 F
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Deaeration
Condensate Return
Soft Makeup
Steam
STORAGE SECTION
5psig 222 F
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Deaeration
Vent
Condensate Return
Soft Makeup
Steam
STORAGE SECTION
5psig 222 F
To Feed Water Pumps
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Solubility of Oxygen in Water
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10 psi 232 F 0-5 ppb
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ppm Oxygen
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5 psi 222 F 0-10 ppb
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0 psi 185 F 3 ppm
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4
2
ppb range
40 60 80 100 120 140 160
180 200 220 240
Temperature F
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Typical Chemical Feed Points
Deaerator
Steam
Boiler
Sulfite Feed CONT.
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Typical Chemical Feed Points
Deaerator
sample point Feedwater
Steam
Boiler Trt. fed by FW pumps on
Boiler
Sample Point Boiler water
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Typical Chemical Feed Points
Sample Point
Deaerator
Steam
Boiler
Condensate Feed Point Alternative
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Chemical Feed Hands free Bulk
AWB
Deaerator
AWB
Liquid Sulfite
Softeners
To steam header
AWB
AWB
AWB
AWB
Amine
Internal Treatment
Alkalinity
Bulk containers with product directly injected as
noted.
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TESTING - SOFTENER
Deaerator

• SOFTENER TESTING
• Hardness 0-1 ppm

Sample Point Softener

Softeners
Makeup
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TESTING - FEEDWATER
Deaerator
sample point Feedwater

• FEEDWATER TESTING
• Hardness 0-1 ppm

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TESTING - BOILER WATER

• BOILER TESTING
• Conductivity 4500 max
• Neutralized 2000-3000
• Alkalinity 600-900
• Sulfite 30-50

Sample Point Boiler water
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TESTING - CONDENSATE
Sample Point
Deaerator

• TESTING
• pH 6.5 7.2
• Conductivity Record
• Hardness 0
• Alkalinity 0

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Boiler Blowdown
Surface
Blowdown
Bottom
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Boiler Blowdown
Needle Valve
Surface
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Boiler Blowdown
Auto Blowdown
Surface
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Steam System A and W Blowdown Controller Timed
Sample Method
A and W
Controller
Sampling electrode
Full ported gate valve
Throttling needle valve
cross
110 VAC
Max. 4
Max 3
Flush valve
Motorized ball valve. Mount horizontally
away from heat, as near to floor as possible.
To drain or cascade to other boiler.
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Save some money and keep the boiler hot Boiler
System A and W Cascading Blowdown
Flashed steam
On Line Boiler
Boiler in Hot Wet Storage
Open
Open
Blowdown Flash Tank
Closed
Check Valve
Closed
Closed
Open
Boiler Bottom Blowdown
Boiler Bottom Blowdown
Drain
Cascading blowdown from an operating boiler is
used to keep the idle boiler filled with treated
water and hot ready to bring on line. Insure
idle boiler vent is open to completely fill
boiler then close vent and allow blowdown to
exit through the surface blowdown to the blowdown
flash tank.
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Thank you for your business