Greek Architecture

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Greek Architecture
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Gods and temples are not easily instituted, and
to establish them rightly is the work of a
mighty intellect. -Plato
The site should be a spot seen far and wide,
which gives due elevation to virtue and towers
over the neighborhood. -Aristotle
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Architectural Diagrams
Temple of Hera II, Paestum
Ground Plan
Section
Elevation
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Temple of Aphaia, Aegina, 490 BCE
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Architectural Systems
Post and Lintel
Corbel
Arch
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Evolution of the Greek Temple
Mortuary precinct of Djoser, Saqqara, Egypt, Old
Kingdom, c. 2775 BCE
engaged columnsfluting
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peripertal
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Part of a Greek Temple
(opisthodomos)
Pronaos (Porch)
Naos (Cella)
Colonnade (Peristyle)
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Elevation of a Greek Temple Orders of Classical
Architecture
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Pediment
Frieze
Capital
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Metope
Triglyph
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Evolution of Peripertal Temple
Archaic Temple of Hera I, Paestum, 550 BCE
Early Classical Temple of Aphaia, Aegina, 490 BCE
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Archaic
Temple of Hera I, Paestum, 550 BCE
Early Classical
Temple of Aphaia, Aegina, 490 BCE
Temple of Hera II, Paestum, 460 BCE
High Classical
Parthenon, Athens, 448-432 BCE
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Evolution of Ratios in Ground Plan
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13
612
1021
616
(613)(715)
817
Parthenon
x 2x 1
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Evolution of Ratios in Elevation
Temple of Hera II
Parthenon
Temple of Hera I
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c
C D E F G A B C
c
d
a
b
x ¾ x 2/3 x ½ x
c / d 3.14
a2 b2 c2
Golden Mean
a
b
small large large whole a b
b ab .38 .62 .62
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small
large
.62 /.38 1 /.62 1.618 F
whole
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Golden Rectangle
.62 / .38 1.618
.62 .38
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Golden Mean in Nature
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Golden Mean in Greek Architecture