Title: Ten Years of Online Data
1Ten Years of Online Data
- What works and what doesnt?
- By
- Dr. Diana Muir,
- AMDG, Inc.
- Atlanta, GA
2Part 1 Distance Learning vs. Online Learning
3Distance Learning vs. Online Learning
- Materials sent to student by mail.
- Homework sent in by mail.
- No virtual classroom.
- Limited use of email.
- Limited interaction with the instructor or
facilitator. - Doesnt use internet tools to the fullest
capability.
- Lesson Plans online
- Virtual class conducted online in real-time
- Homework is either computer graded or submitted
online - Virtual, certificated teacher
- Uses online tools such as drop box, threaded
discussion, email, gradebook, computer graded
assessments.
4Part 2 In the Beginning..
- Online Schools Pre-1996
- Who were they?
- What happened to them?
5In the Beginning (Pre-1997)
- The Internet University
- Antioch Univ (7 courses)
- Brevard Community College (10 Courses)
- CA Institute of Integral Studies
- City University (11 Courses)
- CA State Univ Dominquez Hills (5 courses)
- Edgewood College (3 courses)
- Embry-Riddle Aeronautical Univ (14 courses)
- University of Florida (46 courses)
- Front Range Comm Coll (17 Courses)
- Heriot-Watt Univ (12 courses)
- Western IL Univ (26 Courses)
- Univ of Iowa (5 courses)
6Online College Courses Pre-1997
- The Internet University (Cont.)
- International School of Info Mgt (33 courses)
- Intl Society for Tech in Educ (16 courses)
- Univ of Mass Dartmouth (12 courses)
- New School for Social Research (53 courses)
- Norwich Univ (2 courses)
- Nova Southeastern Univ (57 Courses)
- NY Inst of Tech (106 courses)
- PA State Univ ( 14 courses)
- Univ of Phoenix (60 courses)
- Rochester Institute of Tech (72 courses)
- Rogers State College (33 courses)
7Online College Courses Pre-1997
- The Internet University
- Salve Regina Univ (12 courses)
- Thomas Edison State College (9 courses)
- Univ of Washington (75 Courses)
- Webster Univ (3 courses)
- Univ of WI Madison (12 courses)
- Univ of WI Stout (6 courses)
8Online High Schools (Pre-1996)
- TEAMS Distance Learning
- Arts and Sciences Teleconferencing Service (OK
State) - CA Distance Learning Program (K-8)
- CALCampus
- Christa McAuliffe Academy
- Chrysalis School
- Virtual High School (Toronto, Canada)
- CyberSchool (Oregon)
- Dennison Online
- Distance Education Centre (Victoria, Australia)
- Fraser Valley Distance Education School (Canada)
9Online High Schools (Pre-1996)
- Grand County School District
- Gridlink Education System
- Indiana Univ. Bloomington - Division of Extended
Studies - Iowa Digital Education Association (IDEASchool)
- Mindquest
- NAU Star Schools Project
- NC School of Science and Mathematics
- ND Division of Independent Study
- PACE Telecommunications
- Phoenix Special Programs and Academies
- Project DIANE (Diversified Information
Assistance Network)
10Online High Schools (Pre-1996)
- Satellite Educational Resources Consortium (SERC)
- TI-IN Network
- Utah Education Network
- Village Learning Center
- Virginia Satellite Educational Network (VSEN)
- Willoway School
11Noticeably Missing before 1997?
- APEX (1999)
- Class.com (1999)
- Florida Virtual High School (1997)
- Any infrastructure of any kind
12Characteristics of Online School
- No online lesson plans Everything was sent to
student by mail. - Required hard copy books
- Homework sent by US Postal Service back to
instructor - No virtual class
- No real time chat
- Presence online, but courses were not.
- Few exceptions
13Internet Tools Use, excluding the WorldWideWeb
(Feb 1997)
14Exceptions?
- College online courses had lesson plans online
homework still turned in through correspondence. - IDEASchool first totally online high school
(Iowa Dec 1995) - Lesson plans online
- Digital text online
- Done through email
- Regional Accreditation
- Virtual High School Toronto
- Adapted and created their own infrastructure.
- Note There were no national accreditation
standards for online schools. Depended upon
bricks and mortar component and accreditation.
15Who Survived? Who adapted?
- Majority of college programs
- Some high schools, but as correspondence schools
with no online components - Only 2 online high schools adapted and include
online and virtual components - Virtual High School Toronto, Canada
- IDEASchool Acquired and part of a larger
organization.
16Shakers and Movers of Online Education (The
Dinosaurs!!)
- Virtual High School (Toronto) Steve Baker
- Leader in online architecture and infrastructure
design - 1996 - IDEASchool Diana Hanson-Muir
- Set the standard for online curriculum design and
1st accredited online high school in US Dec
1995 - APEX Paul Alan
- Set the standard for advanced placement courses
and marketing Apr 1999 - Class.Com Univ of NE
- Created the first successful recovery credit
program. 1999 - Florida Virtual High School Bruce Friend
- Set the standard for state virtual schools. 1997
- Concord Consortium (VHS)
- Set the standard for cooperation between schools
and professional development Feb 1995 (Note Is
a consortium not a school.)
17Part 3Evolution of Curriculum Design
18K-6 versus 6-12th Grade Design
- Mostly Worksheets
- Instructor/Parent Led
- Students learn to use mouse, point and click.
- Interactive play and games are a large part of
the learning process. - Large amount of graphics
- Little text
- No interactive discussion or chat
- Student navigates the lesson plans and content.
- Student is responsible for knowing how to browse
the internet and do research. - Large amount of threaded discussion, chat, and
group collaboration - Graphics and text as both used as well as
interactive activities.
19Basic HTML Delivery
- Lesson plans created in basic HTML
- Use third party links as resources
- Utilize hard copy textbooks in addition to online
resources - Homework turned in by email.
- No computer grading
- No infrastructure or back office software support
- Grade books kept manually
20The Advent of Infrastructures
- Presented within an infrastructure with tools
such as - Drop box
- Email
- Threaded discussion
- Virtual class and virtual chat
- Voice and audio capability
- Automated grading
- Grade book functions
- Document sharing
- Automated assessment and grading
- Whiteboard
21Infrastructures
- WebCT
- Proprietary platforms (i.e., Class.com)
- Blackboard
- ECollege
- VCampus
- Desire2Learn
- Compass Learning (i.e., Florida VHS)
22Infrastructure Comparison Chart
23Add ons
- Standards correlation (National, State, Local)
- Curriculum Mapping
- Understanding by Design
- Blooms and Gagnes
- Online laboratories (Riverdeep.net, etc.)
- Compliance with Technology Standards
- SCORM
- ADA
- ISTE
- IDEA
- IEEE
- Online Grading Rubrics
24Assessment Design and Delivery
- Differentiating Assessment Design
- Test Banks and randomized testing
- Pre-Tests and alternate tests
- Applying standards and curriculum mapping
- Interactive problem solving
- Computerized grading
- Online grade books
- Privacy concerns
25Advent of the virtual classroom.
- From paper-based to email to real-time chat
- Online lesson plans vs. online courses
- Threaded discussion boards
- Anytime, anywhere Synchronous vs. Asynchronous
26Adding on the virtual classroom
- Real time chat
- Utilizing multimedia in the virtual classroom and
adding pictures - Whiteboard
- 2-way voice audio
- Adding mathematical and scientific symbols to the
whiteboard - Sharing desktops
- Specialized delivery programs (HorizonWimba,
etc.)
27Differentiated Teaching Methods in the Virtual
Classroom
- Involve all your students
- Make certain children learn and know when they
are not - Address the silent lurker
- Use different teaching methods for students of
different abilities
28Problem Solving Apprenticeship Learning Model
(PSALM)
- What is PSALM?
- Designing project models
- Collaborating online
- Submit projects for assessment
- Guidelines to use for assessment
29Part 4 Social Aspects of Online Learning
30Social Aspects of Online Learning
- Start out on an equal basis
- Avoid stereotypes, prejudices, and judgments
- Work with onsite mentors, parents, and clients.
31Humor, Discipline, and the Cheating Factor
online
- Coping with the Differentiated Classroom online
- Humor can go a long way or no way!
- Knowing when someone is cheating
- Maintaining control in the virtual classroom
- Acceptable Use Policies
- Netiquette
32Part 5 Selecting, Training, and Retaining
Online Instructors
33Selecting, Training, and Retaining Online
Instructors
- Guidelines for selecting instructors
- Certificated in the subject in which they teach
- Highly qualified and competent in their content
area - Computer Literate
- Able to communicate in a variety of mediums
- Flexible time in order to address student needs
34Selecting, Training, and Retaining Online
Instructors
- Training methods for instructors
- Infrastructure training how to edit
- Grade book set up
- How to work with mentors/parents
- What not to say to students
- How to fill out progress reports
- Differentiate between instructor and staff
responsibilities - Give support when needed
35Selecting, Training, and Retaining Online
Instructors
- How to keep good instructors
- Give support when needed
- Offer professional development
- Offer timely pay increases
- Make certain they have current, adequate
resources
36Industry pay standards
- Three ways of paying
- By the student
- By class enrollment
- By the semester
37Part 6 Data Reporting and 10 years of
Longitudinal data
38Data Reporting
- What should we be collecting?
- Demographics
- Grade progress
- Attendance
- NCLB
- Standard Test Results
39What does the data say?
- Best successful completion rates occur when (85
or better) - Classes are highly interactive.
- Differentiated instruction and assessment is
used. - Virtual class is a required component
- Students have a say (feedback) in what happens in
their classroom. - Students get timely feedback in grades, emails,
etc.
40How accurate is our analysis?
- Fundamental terms need to be defined
- Lesson plans vs. online course
- Registration or enrollment
- Mentor/facilitator/instructor
- Provider vs. Institution
- Add/drop period
- Drop rate
- Activity Rate
- Completion Rate
- Successful completion rate
41Price Comparison for Online Providers
- APEX
- AMDG
- Florida VHS
- Class.com
- VHS (Concord Consortium)
- Advanced Academics
- State Virtual Schools
42Online School Comparison Chart