PREVENT DIABETES AND HEART DISEASE

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PREVENT DIABETES AND HEART DISEASE

• Enjoy a healthy lifestyle and improve your health

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IMPAIRED GLUCOSE TOLERANCE
GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE
PRE DIABETES
BORDERLINE DIABETES
A TOUCH OF SUGAR
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IMPAIRED GLUCOSE TOLERANCE

• What is it?
• Why bother?
• What can be done?

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WHAT IS IT?

• Impaired glucose tolerance is diagnosedwhen the
  blood glucose level is not high enough to
  confirm diabetes but is outside the normal
  range.Normal blood glucose is usually 3-8
  mmol/L

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WHAT DO THE NUMBERSMEAN?

• Normal
• Fasting under lt5.5
• Impaired Glucose Metabolism
• Fasting 5.5 - 6.9
• Following 75g glucose test 7.8 - 11.0
• Diabetes
• Fasting over 6.9
• Following 75g glucose test over ?11.1

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HOW IS BLOOD GLUCOSE CONTROLLED?

• A hormone called
• INSULIN
• is produced by the pancreas and
• controls the glucose level in your blood.
• Inadequate or ineffective insulin?
• ?
• DIABETES OR IMPAIRED GLUCOSE TOLERANCE

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WHY BOTHER?

• You have a 1 in 3 chance in the next few
• years of developing diabetes.
• You have a high risk of developing
• cardiovascular disease.
• This can lead to heart attacks, strokes and lower
  limb problems.

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DIABETES

• Nearly 1 million people in Australia have
  diabetes - half of these people are undiagnosed.
• This number will increase by 50 in the next 15
  years.
• Diabetes is the 5th major cause of death and one
  of the most common disorders treated by GPs.

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RISKS FOR DEVELOPING DIABETES

• Age (over 55 yrs) - over 45 if overwieght, has
  family history or high blood pressure
• Impaired glucose tolerance
• Ethnicity
• Diabetes in pregnancy
• Women with polycystic ovarian syndrome
• People who have had a heart attack, stroke or
  have angina.

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WHAT IS CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE?
The cardiovascular system is a complex system of
blood vessels which supply blood to all our
organs. When the lining of these blood vessels
becomes damaged, they can block up, which stops
blood supply to that area. This damages the
organ which is not receiving enough blood. This
could be your heart or brain.
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RISK FACTORS FOR CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE

• Fixed Factors (which you cant change)- Family
  history- Being male- Being female with
  diabetes- Over 50 years of age
• - Previous heart attack, angina or stroke

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WHAT CAN YOU DO?

• Lifestyle factors (which you can change)-
  Smoking- Overweight- Lack of exercise-
  Stress- Excess alcohol
• - Unhealthy eating habits

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HOW CAN YOUR DOCTOR HELP?

• Medical risk factors (which you and your Doctor
  can change)- High blood glucose levels- High
  cholesterol - High blood pressure

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HIGH CHOLESTEROL - WHY WORRY?

• High cholesterol can block blood vessels, which
  can lead to strokes and heart attacks. It can
  also reduce the blood flowing to your legs and
  feet.
• WHAT DO THE NUMBERS MEAN?

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NUMBERS TO AIM FOR
Total cholesterol under 4.0 mmol/L Triglycerides
under 2.0 mmol/L HDL (good cholesterol) over
1.0 mmol/L LDL (bad cholesterol) under 2.5
mmol/L
RACGP 2005/6
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HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE - WHY WORRY? High blood
pressure increases your risk of stroke, heart
attacks, heart failure and kidney
disease. WHAT DO THE NUMBERS MEAN?
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NUMBERS TO AIM FOR
Everyone - under 140/90 Diabetes - under
130/80 Diabetes kidney problems - under
120/75
National Heart Foundation 2004 RACGP 2005/6
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WHAT CAN YOU DO? - STOP smoking - Exercise as
much as you can - Eat a healthy diet - Lose
some weight if you need to - Drink alcohol in
moderation - See your GP for regular check-ups
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WHY EXERCISE? Exercise helps to - lower blood
pressure - lower cholesterol - improve blood
flow - lower blood glucose - relieve
stress REGULAR EXERCISE CAN HALVE YOUR RISK OF
DEVELOPING DIABETES
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• EXERCISE TIPS
• Have a medical check-up before commencing a
  new exercise routine
• Choose an activity that suits YOU
• Start slowly and gradually increase
• Try to exercise daily - walking is a cheap and
  convenient form of exercise

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WHY EAT HEALTHY FOODS?
Healthy eating helps to reduce - blood
pressure - cholesterol - blood glucose - weight
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SEE YOUR DOCTOR REGULARLY FOR TESTS
In some cases medication may be needed.
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