Georgia High School Graduation Test

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Georgia High School Graduation Test

• Language Arts Review

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Identifying the Authors Purpose

• To entertain
• To inform
• To instruct
• To persuade an audience to do or believe something

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Identifying Tone

• Tone is a writers attitude toward his or her
  subject.
• May be communicated through word choice, details,
  and direct statements.

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Identifying Tone

• Tone may be humorous, serious, sarcastic,
  compassionate, angry, ironic, sarcastic, playful,
  friendly, casual, forceful, and tactful (just to
  name a few)
• Determine if the tone is more positive or
  negative and choose answer accordingly

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Identifying Theme

• This theme may be a lesson about life, people, or
  actions.
• Themes are often implied and must be inferred (or
  figured out) by the reader.

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Identifying Main Ideas

• The key concept the writer is trying to express.

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To identify the main idea

• Read the selection to get a general sense of the
  subject and tone.
• Reread the selection, paying attention to details
  that support a central theme.
• Main ideas are often expressed in a topic or
  concluding sentence, or may also be implied.

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Using Context Clues to Determine Meaning

• Sometimes you can figure out the meaning of an
  unknown word from its surrounding words.

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Context Clues

• The writer may restate or define the words
  meaning in later phrases.
• Example There was something very disconcerting
  about the mans behavior it made her feel uneasy.

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Context Clues

• The writer may give an example of the word.
• Example She was so meticulous that each hanger
  in her closet was spaced exactly one-quarter inch
  from the next hanger, and every article of
  clothing faced left.

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Context Clues

• The unknown word may be compared or contrasted
  with a familiar word.
• Example He eschewed all family gatherings, while
  his sister embraced them.

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Context Clues

• The meaning of the word may be implied by the
  language and tone of the sentence.
• Example The boy was punished for his surly
  behavior.

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Determining Meaning from Prefixes, Suffixes, and
Roots

• See Handout for meanings
• Root word is the main part
• indescribable
• Prefix is a word part attached to the beginning
  of a word usually changes the meaning.
• indescribable
• Suffix attached to the end of a word
• indescribable

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Distinguishing Fact from Opinion

• A fact is a statement that can be proven.
• Facts often include specific details or direct
  statements.
• An opinion is a statement based on a persons
  beliefs.
• Opinions often include descriptive words.

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Distinguishing Fact from Opinion

• Just because you do not know something to be
  true, does not mean it is not a fact.
• This is NOT a true/false test. There are NO
  trick questions on here.
• If a statement that can be proven, it is a fact.

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Using the Research Process

• Choose a topic
• Formulate questions
• Identify key words
• Choose sources
• Skim materials, paraphrase and take notes
• Organize information
• Summarize and present

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Logical Relationships and Fallacies

• A valid argument contains good logic, solid
  evidence, or clear reasons and examples from the
  reading selection.
• A fallacy or false argument contains poor logic,
  weak evidence, or faulty reasons and examples

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Main Types of Fallacies

• Jumping to Conclusions a claim with little
  proof to support it
• Ad Hominem attacking the person rather than his
  or her ideas
• Circular Argument part of an argument is used
  as evidence to support it

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Main Types of Fallacies

• Testimonial famous people endorse a product,
  even though they arent experts.
• Either-Or Fallacy there are only two sides to
  an issue
• Glittering Generalizations unprovable praises
• Learning definitions not necessary just
  recognize these techniques are not valid arguments

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Literary Terms

• On handout
• You will most likely not be asked the definition
  of a term, but a question may make reference to a
  term concerning a reading passage.
• For example
• The setting of the passage is ______
• The mood at the end of the selection is _________

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GOOD LUCK!!!