Encircle One Most Correct Answer'

1
Encircle One Most Correct Answer.
Part A
2

• The vector involved in schistosomiasis

• Man.
• Fish.
• Snails.
• Mosquitoes.
• Cercarie.

3

• Control measures against schistosomiasis
  include-

• Elimination of snails.
• Raising and lowering water levels.
• DDT for mosquitoes.
• Spraying to kill infected fish.
• Vaccination of known cases

4

• The primary mode of transmission of T.B. is

• Airborne.
• Fomites.
• Arthropods.
• Flies.
• Direct invasion through breaks in the skin.

5

• Which type of malaria is characterized by
  cerebral symptoms, high mortality rate, and
  hemoglobinuria?

• Plasmodium Malariae.
• Plasmodium falciparum.
• P. Vivax.
• P. Ovale.
• A rare combination between P. vivax and P. ovale.

6
All the followings are correct about Hepatitis B
virus except

• a- Specific diagnostic tests are available for
  Hepatitis B.
• b-The incubation period of Hepatitis B is shorter
  than that of Hepatitis A.
• c- Prevention of Hepatitis B infection can be
  accomplished by means of hyper immune globulin or
  vaccine.
• d- Hepatitis B virus may persist in the blood for
  years. (choric state)

7

• The cholera vibrio proliferates within the lumen
  of the intestine and

• Invades the bloodstream.
• Invades the tissues.
• Inhibits sodium transport.
• Produces little effect on electrolytes.
• Allows resorption of isotonic fluids.

8

• All of the following are characteristics of
  staphylococcal food poisoning EXCEPT

• Symptoms usually begin 2-4 hrs. after ingestion.
• Abrupt onset of symptoms.
• Patients temperature is usually above normal.
• Fatalities in normal individuals are rare.
• Diarrhea, if present, may be severe.

9

• Epidemics of brucellosis are usually due to

• Intimate contact with domestic goats.
• Ingestion of un-pasteurized milk.
• Airborne transmission in abattoirs.
• All of the above.
• None of the above.

10

• Rift Valley Virus is

• Inactivated at low PH.
• Inactivated at high PH.
• Inactivated at 50 C0.
• Resistant to lipid solvents.
• A DNA virus.

11

• Diphtheria is a disease characterized by

• Presence of carriers.
• Being endemic in many countries.
• Possible septicaemic spread.
• a, b and c.
• (a) and (b).

12

• After food consumption, a patient dies of
  respiratory failure following weakness,
  diplopia, and cranial nerve paresis, the most
  likely causative against

• Staphelococcus aureus.
• Clostridium Botulinum.
• Clostridium tetani.
• Salmonella typhi.
• Vibrio cholerae.

13
Answer TRUE(T) or FALSE(F)
Part B
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• Typhoid fever and food poisoning-

• More than 100 distinguished types of salmonella
  typhi are of value in epidemic studies (T) (F)
• Carrier state is of no importance in the spread
  of the disease. (T) (F)
• Relative resistance to typhoid fever follows
  clinical disease, inapparent infection and active
  immunization. (T) (F)
• Staphylococcal food poisoning is a common
  infectious disease. (T) (F)
• The clinical manifestations of both
  staphylococcal and salmonella food poisoning
  appear in a matter of hours after ingestion of
  contaminated food. (T) (F)

15

• Cholera

• Non-cholera vibrios are highly pathogenic to man.
  (T) (F)
• The main vehicles of infection are contaminated
  water and food stuff. (T) (F)
• Limitation of movements of population from
  infected areas is of no known importance for
  control of cholera (T) (F)
• Vaccination is the only measure of control during
  an epidemic of cholera. (T) (F)

16

• Immunity and Immunization-

• IgM is the main type of immunoglobulins
  responsible for the primary immune response.
  (T) (F)
• IgA is part of the first line of defense against
  infectious agents. (T) (F)
• IgD is of well established value and activity.
  (T) (F)
• Cellular immunity is responsible for a secondary
  immune response e.g. delayed hypersensitivity
  reactions and rejection of organ transplant.
  (T) (F)

17

• Paralytic Poliomyelitis-

• Virus is mainly spread by the faecal-oral route.
  (T)(F)
• Can be caused by the oral polio vaccine/or can
  effect the unimmunized contacts of recently
  vaccinated children. (T) (F)
• Virus has two serotypes. (T) (F)
• Occurs in developing countries only. (T) (F)
• Prevalence in developing countries can be
  estimated by surveillance surveys. (T) (F)

18

• The incubation period for-

• Tetanus is 5-10 days. (T) (F)
• Cholera is 5 days. (T) (F)
• Botulism is 36 days. (T) (F)
• Staphylococcal food poisoning is gt 48 hours.
  (T) (F)

19

• Food Poisoning-

• Salmonella food poisoning is an infectious
  disease caused by salmonellae organisms. (T)
  (F)
• A heat stable enterotoxin is responsible for
  producing symptoms of staphylococcal food
  poisoning. (T) (F)
• Diarrhea and dehydration are common findings
  in-botulism poisoning. (T) (F)
• Salmonella food infection is characterized by
  paralysis of cranial nerves. (T) (F)

20

• Disease Notification-

• Is a reliable source of information about
  infectious diseases. (T) (F)
• Is the same in countries. (T) (F)
• Of cholera is required by all countries.
  (T) (F)
• Can be encouraged by financial incentives.
  (T) (F)
• Of infectious disease requires laboratory
  evidence. (T) (F)