PreClass

1
Pre-Class

• Tasks
• Egypt Preview Quiz (Remind only to do left
  column)
• Schedule
• Finish Meso Notes
• Ancient Egypt
• Day 2 Culture of Egypt
• Do NOT go overtime (visit)
• Topic List

2
Review

• With a partner(2 minutes)
• What are the five themes of geography?
• Around which geographic feature did most ancient
  civilizations develop?
• Describe Sumerian society.
• What is an empire?

3
Ancient Civilizations

• The Gift of the Nile

4
Preview

• Today you will
• Identify how geography shaped Ancient Egyptian
  civilization.
• Understand how Egyptian government compares to
  todays governments.
• Identify significant events in the various
  periods of Egyptian history.

5
Ancient Egypt Geography

• Location
• Gift of the Nile
• Black Land
• Red Land
• Geographic Features
• Worlds Longest River
• Mediterranean Sea
• Surrounded by Desert

6
The Gift of the Nile
7
The Gift of the Nile

• Agriculture
• Transportation
• Communication
• Unification

8
Ancient Egypt Political

• Upper Egypt South
• Lower Egypt North
• Capital at Memphis
• Nubia Region to the South

9
Egyptian Government

• Dynasty
• Definition A sequence of powerful rulers from
  the same family.
• Pharaohs
• Definition Rulers who had absolute power within
  Egypt.

10
Egyptian Government

• List the roles and responsibilities of the
  president of the United States.

11
Egyptian Bureaucracy

• Bureaucracy
• Definition A system of government that includes
  departments and levels of authority.

12
History of Egypt
Memorize the order NOT the dates.
13
Early Dynastic Egypt

• Early Dynastic Period
• Menes unites Upper and Lower Egypt
• Old Kingdom
• The Pyramid Age
• Pyramids at Giza

14
A Turbulent Time

• 1st Intermediate Period
• Definition A time of disunity marked by the
  breakdown of strong, centralized rule.
• What can cause such a breakdown?
• Shortage of food (famine)
• Shortage of strong rulers
• Invasions

15
The Middle Kingdom

• Middle Kingdom
• Occupation of Nubia
• Increased communication and trade
• Improvements in agriculture
• The 2nd Intermediate Period
• Hyksos Foreign invaders who introduced the war
  chariot to the Egyptians.

16
The New Kingdom

• Powerful Rulers
• Hatshepsut
• Egypts First Female Pharaoh
• Thutmose III
• Expanded Egypt to its greatest extent
• Ramses II
• Most well known of the pharaohs

17
The Decline of Egypt

• Decline begins ca. 1100 B.C.
• Last Egyptian Dynasty in 332 B.C.
• Egypt added to Roman Empire in 30 B.C.

18
Pre-Class

• Tasks
• Study notes from the last couple class periods.
• Assignment RD 3.1 for next class period.
• Schedule
• Topics
• Egyptian Society
• Review

19
Egyptian Society

• Today you will
• Identify how Egyptian religion shaped the daily
  lives of its citizens.
• Discover the purpose of the pyramids of Egypt.
• Decipher the use and meaning of hieroglyphics.

20
Egyptian Religion

• Polytheistic
• Amon-Re Egyptian sun god and lord of all gods
• Osiris Egyptian god of underworld and the Nile
• Isis Goddess of life and birth, Osiris wife
• Legend of Osiris

21
Osiris Legend
22
The Egyptian Afterlife

• Egyptian View of the gods and Afterlife
• Negative Confession (PSI, Vol. I, p.37, Chapter
  125)
• Compare to Christian Worship
• Maat
• Definition The idea of order and balance within
  Egyptian society.

23
Mummification

• Definition Preservation of dead bodies by
  embalming them and wrapping them in cloth.
• Website

24
The Pyramids

• Definition Large stone structures that were
  used as tombs for rich and powerful Egyptians.
• Most famous pyramids at Giza

25
The Pyramids

• Main Purpose
• Get the pharaoh to the afterlife.
• Contain everything needed for the afterlife.
• Prevent looting.

26
Egyptian Reformation

• Pharaoh Akhenatons Revolution
• Attempted to make Egypt a monotheistic nation in
  the mid-1300s BC.
• Tutankhamen (son) changed back to polytheism.

27
Hieroglyphics

• Definition The Egyptian system of writing
  symbols could have many meanings.
• Types
• Hieroglyphic
• Hieratic
• Demotic

28
Hieroglyphics

• Rosetta Stone A stone with the same story
  written in hieroglyphics and Greek.
• Papyrus A paper-like writing material made from
  reeds found near the Nile.

29
Review

• Take out your Egypt Quiz.
• Complete the right column without your notes.
• Assignment Rd. 3.1 Early Civilizations of India
  and Pakistan