SUNNI AND SHIITE

1
SUNNI AND SHIITE

• Islam Quiz on Friday on the first 2 Power Points

2

• WHAT SECT DO YOU THINK OSAMA BINA LADEN IS FROM?
• SUNNI MUSLIM
• WHAT DOES A MUSLIM HAVE TO DO TO GO TO HEAVEN?
• FOLLOW THE 5 PILLARS

3
ISLAM THOUGHT

• ISLAMIC LAW (SHARIA) INCLUDES PUBLIC AND PRIVATE,
  CIVIL AND CRIMINAL, RELIGIOUS AND SECULAR. IT
  BASICALLY INCLUDES EVERYTHING ABOUT MUSLIM LIFE.
• THERE IS NO DISTINCTION BETWEEN RELIGION AND
  STATE. THE STATE IS THE CENTER OF RELIGIOUS LIFE
  FOR MUSLIMS. THEIR POLITICAL LEADERS ARE ALSO
  THEIR SPIRITUAL LEADERS AND SOME ARE THOUGHT OF
  AS SINLESS AND INFALLIBLE.

4
SUNNI

• ACCEPTED ORTHODOX CALIPHATES AND ORGANIZED A
  POLITICAL AND RELIGIOUS SYSTEM BASED ON IT.
• THE ENTIRE SOCIETY WAS BASED ON THE QURAN AND
  HADITHS RECORDS OF MUHAMMADS LIFE AND WORDS.
• POLITICAL AND RELIGIOUS LIFE IS NOT SEPARATE FOR
  THE SUNNI
• THE SUNNI SECT IS IN THE MAJORITY AND BELIEVE THE
  FIRST 3 CALIPHS WERE THE SUCCESSOR OF MUHAMMAD

5

• SUNNI ISLAM INCLUDES THE FOLLOWING SCHOOLS OF
  THOUGHT
• HANAFI
• MALIKI
• SHAFII
• HANBALI
• THEY ALL HAVE DIFFERENT TAKES ON MUSLIM LIFE.
  THE __________IS THE OFFICIAL SCHOOL OF SAUDI
  ARABIA AND QATAR, AND IS THE MOST CONSERVATIVE.

6

• THE SUNNI BRANCH RULED UP TO THE TIME OF THE
  OTTOMAN EMPIRE, WHICH CAME TO AN END AFTER _____
• THE END OF THE 1ST WORLD WAR
• OSAMA BINA LADEN VOICED HIS THOUGHTS AFTER 9-11.
  HE SAID THAT AMERICA IS FEELING WHAT THEY FELT
  DURING THE 1920S.
• WHAT DO YOU THINK HE MEANT BY THAT?

7
THE WAHHABI SECT (SUNNI)

• BEGAN IN THE 18TH CENTURY AND HAS HAD MANY UPS
  AND DOWNS. IT CURRENTLY IS SPREADING THROUGHOUT
  ISLAM
• AVOIDS THE VENERATION OF HOLY MEN AND LEADERS,
  BECAUSE MUHAMMAD SAID ONLY TO VENERATE ALLAH
• THEY DO NOT EVEN CELEBRATE MUHAMMADS BIRTHDAY
  BECAUSE OF THIS BELIEF.

8

• MANY YEARS EARLIER THEY DESTROYED THE SHRINES OF
  MUHAMMAD
• ABSOLUTELY NO ALCOHOL
• MALES AND FEMALES MUST NOT BE TOGETHER IN PUBLIC
• IBD ABD AL-WAHHAB WANTED TO CONQUER ALL FORMS OF
  ISLAM AND UNITED WITH THE SAUD FAMILY IN 1744
• Stopped Here

9
THE DEOBANDI SECT(SUNNI)

• BEGAN IN 1867 IN INDIA
• SIMILAR TO WAHHABI SECT SEPARATION OF MALE AND
  FEMALE, NO ALCOHOL, STRICT RULES
• THERE IS NO PUBLIC EDUCATION UNLESS IT IS
  ENTIRELY RELIGIOUS, BASED ON QURAN AND HADITHS.
  BUSINESS AND SCIENCE ARE ELIMINATED

10

• SUNNI CLERICS

11

• IRAQ CONSTITION (SUNNI)

12
(No Transcript)
13

• HADITHS

14

• A CALIPH

15
(No Transcript)
16

• HANBALI

17
(No Transcript)
18
SHIITE ISLAM

• SHIITES WHO AMOUNT TO 15 OF THE MUSLIM
  POPULATION BELIEVE THAT THE PERSON WHO HAS THE
  LIGHT OF MUHAMMAD SHOULD RULE.
• ONE MUST BE A DESCENDANT OF MUHAMMADS FAMILY TO
  BE IN THIS CATEGORY.
• SHIITES BELIEVE THAT THIS POWER OR LIGHT HAS
  PASSED TO 12 SUCCESSORS CALLED IMAMS
• MUHAMMAD AL-MAHDI WAS THE LAST IMAM. HE DIED
  AROUND 900C.E. THEY BELIEVE HE IS STILL ALIVE
  AND GUIDES SHIITE SCHOLARS AND LEADERS. HE WILL
  COME BACK AND USHER IN THE END OF THE WORLD

19

• IMAMS ARE BELIEVED TO BE SINLESS AND INFALLIBLE
• SOME EXTREME SHII SECTS BELIEVE HE IS ALLAH
  INCARNATE
• THE IMAMS WORDS ARE EQUAL TO THE WORD OF MUHAMMAD
• SOME IN IRAN THOUGHT THIS PERSON WAS THE
  AYATOLLAH KHOMEINI (1900-1989)
• THE TERM AYATOLLAH IS ONLY USED IN SHIITE ISLAM
  AND REFERS TO THE TOP IMAM. THE HIGHEST RELIGIOUS
  AND POLITICAL AUTHORITY.

20

• SHIITES BELIEVE THAT THEIR MUSLIM LEADER MUST BE
  A DESCENDANT OF ___________
• ALI, THE 4TH CALIPH, AND A RELATIVE OF MUHAMMAD.
• SHIITES ARE CENTERED IN IRAN, IRAQ, AND LEBANON.
• THEY DID NOT FOLLOW ANY MUSLIM LEADER UNTIL THE
  AYATOLLAH RUHOLLAH KHOMEINI TOOK OVER IN 1978
• MOST MUSLIMS AFTER MUHAMMADS DEATH FOLLOWED THE
  1ST CALIPHS THAT THEY APPOINTED. THESE WERE THE
  SUNNI SECT

21

• A SMALL FACTION (SHI AH) WOULD ONLY FOLLOW
  SOMEONE WHO WAS A RELATIVE OF MUHAMMAD. THEY
  BELIEVED THE FIRST 3 CALIPHS WERE IMPOSTERS.
• WHY WOULD IT MATTER IF SOMEONE WAS A RELATIVE?
  THE MUSLIMS SAY THAT THERE ARE NO CONVERTS AND
  MUHAMMAD WAS NOT THE FOUNDER. INTERESTING..HMHMM.
• SHIITES PILGRIMAGE TO THE TOMBS OF THE IMAMS AND
  HAVE ELABORATE PARADES FOR MARTYR LIKE HUSAYN
• THERE ARE MANY OTHER SECTS WITHIN SHIISM LIKE
  NIZARI, DRUZE, AND ZAYDI.

22

• SOME SAY THE DIVISION CAME FROM ALIS SON HUSAYN,
  NOT MUHAMMAD, WHO APPOINTED ALI AS HIS SUCCESSOR
• THE SUNNIS MASSACRED SHIITE COMMUNITIES FOR
  SEVERAL YEARS CREATING MARTYRDOM IDEOLIGIES.
• THE SHIITES NOW CELEBRATE MANY OF THE MURDERED
  DURING THE MONTHS OF MUHARRAM AND SAFAR.

23

• SHIITE IMAMS

24

• SHIITE CLERICS

25
(No Transcript)
26

• SHIITE HOLY SITE

27
(No Transcript)
28

• SHIITES CUT THEIR HEADS WITH SWORDS IN A
  RELIGIOUS RITUAL

29
(No Transcript)
30

• THE TOP SHIITE CLERIC IN IRAQ, THE GRAND AYATOLLA

31
(No Transcript)
32
SUNNI VS SHIITE

• SUNNIS VENERATE THE FIRST SUCCESSORS TO MUHAMMAD,
  ESPECIALLY THE FIRST 4 CALLIPHS.
• THE SHIITES ONLY RECOGNIZE THE FOURTH CALIPH, WHO
  WAS A DIRECT DESCENDANT OF MUHAMMAD
• SUNNI AND SHIITE ARE BASICALLY IDENTICAL. THEY
  PRAY__ TIMES A DAY, THEY FAST, THEY PILGRIMAGE,
  ETC.
• THERE ARE 1 BILLION MUSLIMS. SHIITE ARE
  APPROXIMATLEY 10-15.

33

• WHO ARE THE KURDS?
• A INDO-EUROPEAN NOMADIC PEOPLE WHO ARE MAJORITY
  SUNNI MUSLIM
• THEIR POPULATION IS ESTIMATED BETWEEN 15-20
  MILLION WHO LIVE IN THE MOUNTAINOUS AREAS IN THE
  ARABIC COUNTRIES
• THEIR LANGUAGE IS RELATED TO THE PERSIAN LANGUAGE

34
MUHAMMADS IDEA ONFIGHTING

• AND KILL THEM WHEREVER YOU FIND THEM, AND DRIVE
  THEM OUT FROM WHENCE THEY DROVE YOU OUT, AND
  PERSECUTION IS SEVERER THAN SLAUGHTER, AND DO NOT
  FIGHT WITH THEM AT THE SACRED MOSQUE UNTIL THEY
  FIGHT WITH YOU IN IT, BUT IF THEY DO FIGHT YOU,
  THEN SLAY THEM SUCH IS THE RECOMPENSE OF THE
  UNBELIEVERS (QURAN 2191)

35

• THEN, WHEN THE SACRED MONTHS HAVE PASSED, SLAY
  THE IDOLATERS WHEREVER YE FIND THEM, AND TAKE
  THEM , AND BESIEGE THEM, AND PREPARE FOR THEM
  EACH AMBUSH. BUT IF THEY REPENT AND ESTABLISH
  WORSHIP AND PAY THE POOR-DUE. THEN LEAVE THEIR
  WAY FREE. LO ALLAH IS FORGIVING, MERCIFUL,
  (QURAN 95)

36

• O YOU WHO BELIEVE! FIGHT THOSE OF THE
  UNBELIEVERS WHO ARE NEAR TO YOU AND LET THEM FIND
  IN YOU HARDNESS AND KNOW THAT ALLAH IS WITH
  THOSE WHO GUARD (AGAINST EVIL) (QURAN 9123)

37

• THE QURAN AND WOMEN
• MEN ARE PROTECTORS AND MAINTAINERS OF WOMEN,
  BECAUSE ALLAH HAS GIVEN THE ONE MORE (STRENGTH)
  THAN THE OTHER, AND BECAUSE THEY SUPPORT THEM
  FROM THEIR MEANS. THEREFORE THE RIGHTEOUS WOMEN
  ARE DEVOUTLY OBEDIENT, AND GUARD IN (THE
  HUSBANDS) ABSENCE WHAT ALLAH WOULD HAVE THEM
  GUARD. AS TO THOSE WOMEN ON WHOSE PART YE FEAR
  DISLOYALTY AND ILL-CONDUCT, ADMONISH THEM, REFUSE
  TO SHARE THEIR BEDS, BEAT THEM (LIGHTLY) BUT IF
  THEY RETURN TO OBEDIENCE, SEEK NOT AGAINST THEM
  MEANS (OF ANNOYANCE) FOR ALLAH IS MOST HIGH,
  GREAT (ABOVE YOU ALL), (434)

38

• The End