Chapter 11 Cell Signaling

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Chapter 11 - Cell Signaling
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Cell Signaling

• Cell signaling in yeast
• Types of signaling
• Overview of signaling pathways
• Reception, transduction and response
• G-protein linked pathways - epinepherine
• Activation of protein synthesis

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Yeast cells recognize mating types.
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Types of Signaling

• Local
• Paracrine
• Synaptic
• Long distance
• Hormonal

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Paracrine Signalling
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Synaptic Signaling
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Hormonal Signaling
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Overview
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Three Stages

• Reception
• Transduction
• Response

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Reception

• Signal molecule binds to external portion of the
  receptor.
• A conformational change occurs
• Processes are activated inside the cell.

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Transduction

• Communicates the receptor signal to the cellular
  response
• Usually several steps
• Amplifies the signal

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Cellular Responses

• Catalysis (turn on an enzyme - glycogen
  phosphorylase)
• Ion transport
• Rearrangement of the cytoskeleton
• Synthesis of new proteins

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Signal Transduction
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G Proteins

• Yeast mating factors
• Hormone responses - epinepherine
• Neurotransmitters
• Vision
• Smell

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G Proteins
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A Receptor
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Adenyl Cyclase
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Pathways relay signals from receptors to cellular
responses.
Protein kinase enzyme that phosphorylates a
protein.