Sexual Reproduction

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Sexual Reproduction

• Original work from Applied Technologies edited
  and used with permission by Dr. Teri Hamlin

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Table of Contents

• Introduction to Plant Propagation
• Sexual Propagation
• Asexual Propagation
• Stem, Leaf, Cuttings
• Layering
• Separation Division
• Tissue Culture
• Budding and Grafting

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Introduction

• What is Plant Propagation?
• The multiplication of plants by both sexual and
  asexual means
• Requires a knowledge of plants and how to
  manipulate them.
• Can be considered an art-form.

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Sexual Propagation

• What is it?
• The propagation of plants from SEEDS
• The most common type of propagation
• In order for one to be successful using this
  method, one must understand various details about
  seeds and how they work

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SEEDS

• What is a seed?
• A seed is a whole plant in miniature surrounded
  by a seed coat.
• It is a ripened flower ovule.

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Seed Composition

• 3 parts of a seed

Seed Coat
(Protects the embryonic plant.)
Embryo
Endosperm
(The new plant)
(Food storage tissue)
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Viability Longevity

• If a seed is viable it will germinate and grow
  normally
• Longevity is how long the seed will remain viable
• Influences of viability
• species ---woody (5-7 years)
• --- succulent (1-3 years)
• Storage Conditions -- 40-45 degrees F
• Time

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In order for germination to take place

• The seed must be ripe (ripe when it falls off the
  tree/plant/bush
• Dormancy requirement must be met.

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Dormancy Requirements

Physical Dormancy
Physiological Dormancy
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(Seed Coat Dormancy)
Physical Dormancy

• Overcome by scarification
• 3 methods
• - Mechanical treatment
• - Hot water treatment
• - Sulfuric Acid treatment

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Physiological Dormancy

• photodormancy
• thermodormancy
• biochemical dormancy

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Stratification

• Seed must experience
• 1. warm, dry period
• 2. cool, moist period --- 60-90
  days at 40-45 degrees F
• 3. warm moist period

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Selection of Seeds

• ID locally grown seeds
• Select certified seeds
• -have been tested for germination ability and
  purity.
• Choose hybrid seeds for greater vigor
• Select primed seeds

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Indirect vs. Direct Seeding

• plants sown indoors
• plants must be transplanted
• tomatoes, peppers, eggplant

• seeded directly into permanent growing area
• most economical method
• corn, melons, beans, beets, peas, etc..

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