Development of Upland Rice Improved Wellbeing of Hill Farmers and Brought Highland DevelopmentA Real

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Development of Upland Rice Improved Well-being of
Hill Farmers and Brought Highland DevelopmentA
Real Example

• IRRI Program Review

Dayun Tao Sushil Pandey
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Why Upland Rice

• Rice is food, food is rice there
• Irrigation infrastructure is not available
• Food security is the base and precondition for
  everything.

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15 Years ago Slash-and-burn system,
Slope field, Traditional cultivars,
Indication of
original agriculture Simple tools,
Natural soil fertility and natural rainfall
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Now Terrace New cultivars
Intercropping Intensive management
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Yield of New Cultivars

• Mengwanggu (traditional upland) 2 t/ha
• Yunlu 29 4 t/ha (YAAS, with IRAT216 as one of
  the parents from INGER)
• Yunlu 52 4 t/ha (YAAS, with IRAT216 as one of
  the parents from INGER)
• B6144F-MR-6 4t/ha (from Indonesia via INGER).

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Agronomic Traits of Cultivars
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Crop management

• Cropping system Intercropping, rotation with
  soybean, peanut, sugarcane, or maize
• Basal fertilizer 15 Kg urea/ha15 Kg/ha zinc
  sulfate450 Kg/ha calcium magnesium phosphate
• Nitrogen 225 Kg/ha urea, 30 at tillering stage,
  70 at panicle initiation stage
• Weeding 2250 ml/ha 60 butachlor and hand
  weeding once
• Blast control Resistant cultivars and fungicide.

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Terrace Construction and Improvement of
Eco-environment

• Terrace planting is 37 of upland rice in Simao
  Prefecture (13,553.3 ha). Return 6,666.6 ha slope
  upland land to forestry and grasses
• Terrace is 55.47 of upland rice planting in
  Xishuangbana (7,466.5 ha). Return 11,840 ha slope
  upland land to forestry and grasses.

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38.6 in Simao was planted to new cultivars in
200034.1 in Xishuangbanna was planted to new
cultivars in 2002.
Yunlu 29
B6144F-MR-6
IRAT104
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Increase Income of farmer

• Cash crop Sugarcane, Coffee, Tea
• Seed production hybrid maize
• Animal husbandry pig, chicken..

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More and more slope land is returning to grasses
and forestry Environments of upland rice
production is being better and better.
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Concept changing

• Before
• Low-yield crop
• Slash-and-burn
• Low efficiency
• No future and no hope.
• Now
• Yield and efficiency increased if
• Slash-and-burn mainly controlled
• Sustainable development
• Bright future and great hope.

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The Reason to Be Successful

• Food security is the base and precondition for
  everything
• Entry point selection is the key step.

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Thank You!
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Development of upland rice

• A challenge issue between food security and
  sustainability in the tropic and subtropic Asia.

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What Brought about the History Change?

• Concept and idea changing
• Terrace construction
• Return slope field to forestry and grasses
• Development and adaptation of new cultivars
• Intensive management
• Develop cash crops and increase income of farmers
  based upon food security improvement.

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Results of Breakthrough of Upland Rice Technology

• Upland rice area decreased
• Yield and production increased
• More land and labors for cash crops available
• Economic and social situation improved
• Eco-environment improved
• Natural resources preserved.