The Glamour of Smoking

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The Glamour of Smoking
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What is a Smoking Addiction?

• An uncontrollable dependence on cigarettes which
  results in severe emotional, mental, or physical
  reactions if smoking is stopped
• Only one in three smokers who attempt to quit
  smoking succeeds before age 60 (by which time
  irreversible harm has been done to the body)
• Those who eventually quit smoking usually make 2
  3 attempts before successfully stopping.
• Only 2.5 of smokers successfully quit each year

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Why is Smoking Addictive?

• Nicotine is a psychoactive drug and a stimulant
• Nicotine has calming effects and relieves stress
• Nicotine affects hormones and other body systems
• Smoking nicotine activates the "pleasure centers"
  in the brain
• Nicotine is as highly addictive as heroin and
  cocaine.

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Why is it Difficult to Stop Smoking?

• Smokers develop tolerance to nicotine and require
  higher doses to maintain effect
• Nicotine induces structural as well as functional
  changes in the brain of smokers
• When nicotine is suddenly withdrawn,
  physiological functions in the brain and other
  parts of the body are disturbed (withdrawl)
• Weeks or months are required for the body to
  readjust to functioning normally without nicotine.

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Effects of Smoking on the Body

• Smoking-related illnesses cause 440,000 (1 in
  5) deaths in U.S every year
• One in two lifetime smokers will die from their
  habit
• Smoking damages every system in the body
• Smoking leads to cancer of the lungs, throat,
  mouth, trachea, larynx, stomach, pancreas,
  kidneys, and bladder

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Effects of Smoking on the Body

• Smoking increases stickiness of blood build-up
  of fatty deposits on artery walls, increasing
  risk of Coronary Artery Disease, heart attack,
  stroke
• Smoking increased risk of ulcers
• Lower sperm count increase of deformed sperm

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Effects of Smoking on the Body

• Risk of lung cancer is 23 times higher in smokers
  than non-smokers
• Smoking raises blood pressure pulse rate
• Smoking decreases circulation to fingers toes,
  sometimes necessitating amputation

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Effects of Smoking on the Body

• Smoking leads to emphysema, chronic bronchitis,
  and other debilitating respiratory diseases
• Smoking during pregnancy can lead to stillborns,
  miscarriages, and newborn defects
• Smoking reduces bone density, leading to
  osteoporosis

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• Lip cancer from smoking

Smokers gum disease
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Effects of Smoking on Lifestyle

• Smoking
• Causes yellowing of teeth and fingers
• Increases cough lung infection due to damage to
  cilia in trachea
• Accelerates aging wrinkling of skin
• Causes damage to larynx (voicebox)
• Increases impotence (due to decreased circulation
  to necessary parts)
• Leaves lingering odor on clothing and environment
• Decreases sense of taste and smell
• Is expensive!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
  !

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Cigarettes

• Cigarettes contain 4000 chemicals, 83 of which
  cause cancer
• Cigarettes contain tar, carbon monoxide, cyanide,
  arsenic, lead, and radioactive compounds
• Cigarette tar coats your lungs like soot coats a
  chimney
• A pack-a-day smoker smokes 7300 cigarettes per
  year for 700

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Profile of Some Cigarette Chemicals

• Formaldehyde used to preserve dead bodies in
  funeral homes (used in biology specimens)
• Carbon Monoxide toxic gas in car exhaust often
  used to commit suicide
• Tar one cup/year coats the lungs of a smoker
• Hydrogen Cyanide poison gas used to kill enemies
  in WWI
• Acetone fingernail polish remover used to
  suffocate insects in this class
• Arsenic a preservative pesticide that can
  cause death through multi-system failure
• Nicotine addictive drug one drop can kill a
  person

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Effects of Smoking on the Respiratory System

• Lung damage from the build-up of dangerous
  substances in lungs and airway

• Lung damage due to decreased ability to clear
  mucus debris from airway lungs
• Increased risk of lung infection
• Decreased elasticity of alveoli, and inability to
  expel sufficient air on exhalation

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Healthy Lung vs. Smokers Lung
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Smokers Lungs
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COPD Lung CancerEvidence of Smokings Harmful
Effects

• Group of disabling diseases where the lungs
  lung tissue have been destroyed
• Emphysema, chronic bronchitis
• Characteristics
• Almost always caused by smoking
• Progressive inability to breath
• Coughing frequent lung infections
• Chronic hypoxia (lack of oxygen)

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EmphysemaPink Puffers

• Loss of lung elasticity due to smoking makes
  expelling air very difficult

• Exhalation takes great effort energy
• Carbon dioxide becomes trapped in lungs, leaving
  no room for oxygen
• Patients develop barrel-chest must be on oxygen
  all the time

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Chronic Bronchitis Blue Bloaters

• Irritated inflamed mucosa generate excess mucus
• Damage to trachea decreases ability to expel
  mucus from airway
• Excess mucus impairs ability to breath
• Infection is common cyanosis is obvious

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Lung Cancer

• One third of all cancer deaths
• Number of deaths from lung cancer are constantly
  increasing
• Most lung cancer is very aggressive and
  metastasizes very rapidly
• Low survival rate due to late diagnosis
• Average survival time after diagnosis is 9 months
• Over 90 of lung cancer victims are smokers

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• Healthy Lung
  Cancerous smokers lung