Strategies for collecting good practices

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Strategies for collecting good practices

• GSI Ltd (UK)

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Agenda

• Best practices in the context of e-inclusion
• Challenges
• Identifying best practices
• Desired outcomes
• Defining a model
• Strategies for collecting and disseminating best
  practices
• Strategies for establishing metrics

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Best practices in context

• Best practices need to be considered in several
  contexts, including
• E-inclusion, social context
• Health well-being context
• Legal and ethical context

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Challenges

• Identifying best practices
• Best practices vs. good practices Best practice
  implies singularity of a solution to a particular
  challenge or problem is there a best practice,
  or rather, a broad range of good practices?
• If good practices can be identified readily for a
  narrow set of issues with a homogeneous
  stakeholder group, how are these practices
  singled out across complex scenarios with
  multiple stakeholders?
• Standardising good practices
• There are innate difficulties in applying
  standards to soft sciences such as ethics

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Challenges

• Managing trade-offs
• Can a good practice in one realm (e.g., effective
  monitoring of health data for a chronically ill
  person) create a negative outcome in another
  (e.g., threaten privacy rights)?
• In particular, for senior citizens, can good
  practices from the perspective of the caregiver
  be negative for the cared-for?
• Monitoring for unintended outcomes
• How can we recognise and prevent unintended
  outcomes to what we believe are good practices?

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Defining a model for e-inclusion

• Establishing a model that works Where lessons
  can be found
• In technology
• In society
• In healthcare
• Models used in technology standards baseline
  driven by technology competition
• Models used in society legal/rights based
  roadmaps Open Method of Coordination (OMC)
• Models used in health care technology and
  social intersection benchmarks for a range of
  practices, trials, evidence-based

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Good practice approaches technology

• Standards as a baseline (ISO, CEN, etc.) for
  technology, with process-driven best practices
  (TQM, Six Sigma)
• Commercial sector driven good practice
  identification and adoption, driven by
  technology, application, or industry
• Strengths
• Competitive
• Well-communicated through vendors and consultants
  
• Weaknesses
• Time responsiveness to new technology development
• Driven by organisations with profit motivations
  users may have difficulty distinguishing good
  practices

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Good practice approaches technology

• Example approach technology good practices in
  public sector

• ASPECT is a 30-month best practice network
  supported by the European Commission's eContent
  plus Programme that involves 22 partners from 15
  countries, including 9 Ministries of Education
  (MoE), four commercial content developers and
  leading technology providers. For the first time,
  experts from all international standardisation
  bodies and consortia active in e-learning
  (CEN/ISSS, IEEE, ISO, IMS, ADL) work together in
  order to improve the adoption of learning
  technology standards and specifications.
• The three overriding aims in the ASPECT Best
  Practice Network are to
• Analyse how a range of standards and
  specifications compare in terms of how well they
  apply to a diverse range of learning resources
  from both commercial and public sector providers
  (including content generated by teachers).
• See how the implementation of standards and
  specifications will enhance the pan-European
  interoperability of educational resources and the
  systems that are used to develop, discover,
  transfer, and use that content.
• Establish best practices for combining existing
  specifications into complete solutions that
  address the needs of the school community in
  Europe in terms of discovery, exchange, and reuse
  of learning resources.

ASPECT CEN/ISSS Learning Technology Standards
Observatory http//www.cen-ltso.org/Users/main.asp
x
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Good practice approaches social issues

• Good practices formalised by
• Legislative bodies constitutions, laws
• Governmental agencies, organisations policies,
  funding
• Intergovernmental organisations policies and
  performance benchmarks
• Strengths
• Advocacy for the citizen
• Comprehensive approach, broad view
• Best practices transformed into laws provide
  avenue for broad uptake
• Weaknesses
• Processes to write new laws and policies are
  time-consuming and can delay implementation
• Metrics are often difficult to define in
  unambiguous terms

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Good practice approaches social issues

• Example approach social issues
• MOST (Management of Social Transformations)
  Programme
• The following four characteristics are common to
  all Best Practices related to poverty and social
  exclusion
• Best Practices are innovative. A Best Practice
  has developed new and creative solutions to
  common problems of poverty and social exclusion.
• Best Practices make a difference. A Best Practice
  demonstrates a positive and tangible impact on
  the living conditions, quality of life or
  environment of the individuals, groups or
  communities concerned.
• Best Practices have a sustainable effect. A Best
  Practice contributes to sustained eradication of
  poverty or social exclusion, especially by the
  involvement of participants.
• Best Practices have the potential for
  replication. A Best Practice serves as a model
  for generating policies and initiatives
  elsewhere.
• It is essential that, to qualify as Best
  Practices, the activities in question be
  evaluated in terms of the criteria of innovation,
  success and sustainability by both experts and
  the people concerned.

http//www.unesco.org/most/bphome.htm2
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Good practice approaches health care issues

• Good practices formalised by
• Associations of healthcare practitioners,
  typically along practice area lines
• Healthcare policy makers, including public sector
  and private sector health insurance providers
• NGOs and non-profit organisations, typically
  focused upon the needs of specific demographic
  groups
• Strengths
• Patient-centric approach
• Address issues across a spectrum of both
  technological and social issues
• Highly focused on measurable criteria and
  rigorous attention to monitoring across diverse
  populations
• Weaknesses
• Fragmented approach can limit the value of best
  practices identified in one area that may be
  useful in another
• Influence of organisations concerned with cost
  control can be a limiting factor

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Collecting good practices health care approaches

• Example approach trials/evidence-based

A Global Understanding of Best Practices in
Geriatric Mental Health, Brian Draper MD,
University of NSW, Sydney, Australia
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Collecting and disseminating good practice cases

• Platform approach promotion
• Dissemination of good practices as they relate to
  identified policies
• http//www.socialplatform.org/AboutUs.asp
• Networks education
• Structured approach to sharing good practices
  within a learning environment
• http//www.institute.nhs.uk/nhs_live/introduction/
  welcome_to_nhs_live.html
• http//www.institute.nhs.uk/
• http//www.cen-ltso.org/Users/main.aspx
• Clearinghouse approach reference
• Dissemination of good practices as identified by
  contributors with some level of expert review
  against criteria database of good practices for
  reference
• http//www.nice.org.uk/
• http//www.beep-eu.org/
• http//www.unesco.org/most/bphome.htm2

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Establishing relevant metrics

• Metrics that are established for e-Inclusion need
  to address some or all of the following goals,
  and practices evaluated within this context
• Effectiveness (does the practice repeatedly
  work?)
• Significance (does the practice effect real
  change, making a difference?)
• Transparency (are the full consequences of the
  practice evident and fully understood?)
• Efficiency (lowest cost without sacrificing
  quality?)
• Replicability (can the best practice be
  reproduced in different cultural and
  environmental settings?)
• Optimality (optimal balance of cost vs. care)
• Acceptability (do the individuals and their
  caregivers accept the practice and its outcome?)
• Legitimacy (does the practice violate any ethical
  norms? Does society accept this practice and its
  outcome?)
• Innovation (is the practice creative, breaking
  new ground?)
• Equity (are all included? Who is excluded and
  why? How can the practice be changed?)
• Learnability (can the practice be easily
  integrated into applicable settings, without
  onerous training requirements?)

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Thank You

• Kush Wadhwa
• GSI Limited (UK)
• Managing Director
• kwadhwa_at_globalseci.com
• 44.20.7096.0614