Biological Organization

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Biological Organization
Over 1.8 million species in the world
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Biological Classification
Three Domain
6 Kingdom
Traditional (now historic) Five Kingdom
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Two types of Cells

• Prokaryotes
• Do not have organelles or a nucleus
• Contain ribosomes
• Much smaller than Eukaryotes
• Domain Bacteria and Archaea

• Eukaryotes
• Membrane bound organelles and a nucleus
• More organized and larger than Prokaryotes
• Domain Eukarya Kingdoms Protista,
• Animalia, Plantae, and Fungi

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Domain Eukaryotes Kingdom Animalia Characte
ristics Non-photosynthetic Multicellular
Digests food internally
Ex Human being Homo Sapiens
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Domain Eukaryotes Kingdom Plantae Character
istics Photosynthetic Multicellular Ter
restrial
Ex Douglas Fir Pseudotsuga menzieseii
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Domain Eukaryotes Kingdom Fungi Characteri
stics Non-photosynthetic Multicellular
Digests food externally
Ex Amanita mushroom Amanita muscaria
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Domain Eukaryotes Kingdom Protista Charact
eristics Mostly Unicellular Multicellular
algae Plant-like Photosynthetic Animal-like
Digests food internally Fungus-like Digests
food externally
Ex Amoeba
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Domain Bacteria Kingdom Many Characteristi
cs (Very diverse) Tiny! measured in
micrometers (µm) 1/1000 of a mm One ring
chromosome Consumers aerobic and
anaerobic Autotrophs photo and chemo
Ex Staphylococcus aureus
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Domain Archaea Kingdom Many Characteristics
(Very diverse) Also tiny Many are
extremophiles can survive in very low and
high temperatures, acidic, alkaline, and
saline conditions More like eukaryotes than
bacteria
Ex Halobacteria spp.
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What is it???
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Elkhorn Coral Animalia that is symbiotic with
unicellular algae (zooxanthellae)
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Australian Sea horse - Animalia
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Barrel Sponge - Animalia
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Seaweed (Macroalgae) Plant-like Protista
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Rod Bacteria
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Indian Pipe Plantae (obtains food from conifers
via fungus)
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Slime mold Fungus-like Protista
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Mold - Fungi
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Rotifer Microscopic Animalia
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Paramecium animal-like Protista
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Euglena Plant-like Protista
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Archaea
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Lichen Fungi with photosynthetic algae
(protista) or bacteria
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Diatoms Protists (unicellular algae with silica
shell)
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HIV Virus not considered living by most
scientists

• Viruses
• dont reproduce on own
• dont have a membrane
• dont metabolize
• are not composed of cells