Principles of Genetics

1
Principles of Genetics

• Section 11-1
• Pages 263-266

2
Mendel

• Monk
• Used Peas with 7 traits
• Figured out Dominance in genes, law of
  segregation and law of independent assortment

3
Trait, Allele, or gene?

• A trait is what you see i.e. hair color is a
  trait
• An allele is the forms the trait can take i.e.
  blond, brown, black
• A gene is the location on the DNA where the info
  for the proteins that tell the hair color is found

4
Dominance

• Dominant alleles overshadow recessive traits
• For notation Dominant alleles use a capital
  letter, recessive alleles use a lower case
  letter. Ex plant height Ttall, tshort
• In flower color, purple is dominant over white,
  so purple shows up more often. So P purple,
  pwhite

5
Law of segregation

• Alleles separate during meiosis
• AKA Two homologous chromosomes separate during
  anaphase I

6
Law of Independent Assortment

• Alleles randomly separate during meiosis
• AKA Homologous chromosomes line up during
  metaphase I without influence of other chromosomes

7
Mendels Generations

• P generation is the parental generation
• F1 generation is the offspring of a P generation
  cross
• F2 generation is the offspring of an F1
  generation cross